Objective: We studied clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients living with HIV (PLH) in comparison to non-HIV population. Design: Analysis of a multicentre research network TriNETX was performed including patients more than 10 years of age diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: Outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients with concurrent HIV (PLH) were compared with a propensity-matched cohort of patients without HIV (non-PLH). Results: Fifty thousand one hundred and sixty-seven patients with COVID-19 were identified (49,763 non-PLH, 404 PLH). PLH were more likely to be men, African–American, obese and have concurrent hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and nicotine dependence compared with non-PLH cohort (all P values <0.05). We performed 1 : 1 matching for BMI, diabetes, hypertension, chronic lung diseases, chronic kidney disease, race, history of nicotine dependence and sex. In unmatched analysis, PLH had higher mortality at 30 days [risk ratio 1.55, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.01–2.39] and were more likely to need inpatient services (risk ratio 1.83, 95% CI: 1.496–2.24). After propensity score matching, no difference in mortality was noted (risk ratio 1.33, 95% CI: 0.69–2.57). A higher proportion of PLH group needed inpatient services (19.31 vs. 11.39%, risk ratio 1.696, 95% CI: 1.21–2.38). Mean C-reactive protein, ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase levels after COVID-19 diagnosis were not statistically different and mortality was not different for PLH with a history of antiretroviral treatment. Conclusion: Crude COVID-19 mortality is higher in PLH; however, propensity-matched analyses revealed no difference in outcomes, showing that higher mortality is driven by higher burden of comorbidities. Early diagnosis and intensive surveillance are needed to prevent a ‘Syndemic’ of diseases in this vulnerable cohort.

Preventive lipid-based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6 to 23 months of age for health, nutrition, and developmental outcomes.

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Structure of the research network and data source:TriNetX (Cambridge, MA, USA) is a multiinstitutional cloud-based research network. It allows real-time access to de-identified data from participating institutions to researchers.De-identified data is collected and aggregated from participating healthcare organizations in real time, which can then be analyzed using statistical and analytical tools available on the network. TriNetX platform pulls data from EHRs, that includes demographic variables, clinical diagnoses, medical procedures, laboratory investigations, medications, and other clinical variables including vital signs etc. This platform can also extract facts from clinical documents available in the EHRs through its Natural Language Processing system that is then transformed into standard clinical terminologies.

Background: Accurate estimates for the risk of COVID-19 in IBD, and an understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on IBD course and the risk of incident post-infectious IBD are needed. Aims: To estimate the risk of COVID-19 in IBD and study its impact on IBD course and the risk of incident post-infectious IBD. Methods: A retrospective propensity score matched cohort study utilising multiinstitutional research network TriNetX. COVID-19 patients with and without IBD were identified to quantify the risk of COVID-19 in patients with IBD, COVID-19 outcomes in patients with IBD and the impact of COVID-19 on IBD disease course. The risk of incident post-infectious IBD in COVID-19 patients was compared to the population not infected with COVID-19 during a similar time period.Results: Incidence rate ratio for COVID-19 was lower in IBD patients compared to the non-IBD population (0.79, 95% CI: 0.72-0.86). COVID-19-infected patients with IBD were at increased risk for requiring hospitalisation compared to non-IBD population (RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02-1.34) with no differences in need for mechanical ventilation or mortality. Patients with IBD on steroids were at an increased risk for critical care need (RR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.29-3.82). Up to 7% of patients with IBD infected with COVID-19 suffered an IBD flare 3-months post-infection. Risk for incident IBD post-COVID was lower than that seen in the non-COVID population (RR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.54-0.65). Conclusion:We observed no increase in risk for COVID-19 amongst patients with IBD or risk for de novo IBD after COVID-19 infection. We confirmed prior observations regarding the impact of steroid use on COVID-19 severity in patients with IBD.