No abstract

This study seeks to find a method to identify the dominant pattern of energy choice and consumption in households, centering on demographic factors affecting the use of home appliances. To this aim, this study dealt with a variety of energy sources widely used by households, namely, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), electricity, and kerosene for cooking, heating and cooling, lighting, and home appliances. Additionally, significant associations for the household energy choice and consumption were identified for demographic variables including household size, gender, head-of-household age, educational level, and income group. A logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain quantitative data provided by a survey from 821 households across residential districts of urban and rural areas in Mahabad city, northwest Iran. Obtained data were analyzed within a proposed three-energy dimension model (3-ED). The results showed that, in the case of other variables remaining constant, income may lead to variation in LPG and electricity consumption. Unlike other independent variables, the head-of-household age failed to have a significant impact. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of effective factors got household energy choice and consumption in other cities, and they can be useful for the support of policy-makers in their consumption patterns.

This review tends to obtain a deeper understanding of the methods used in household energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Iran. Issues relating to energy consumption and CO2 emissions are very complex. This complexity arises from the fact that energy demand and energy consumption in Iran are influenced by many factors, such as income, household size, age, and gender. In Iran, the relevant energy sources mostly include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and electricity, which are used for different sectors, such as transportation, industry, and residential. This overview looks at both the theories and empirical studies of household energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Iran. Since energy consumption typically results in air pollution, it is often used as an indicator of environmental degradation. Although Iran is recently faced to energy efficiency improvement from all sectors, household energy requirements have been significantly increased. In Iran, a prime motivator had been improving living standards. As Iran gradually turns into a consumer society, households have an enormous influence on the direct use of energy and related CO2 emissions as well as through indirect use, as embodied in goods and services. The findings of this study can help policymakers to focus on renewable energy projects in order to reduce energy consumption and mitigate CO2 emissions.

Quality of life is a concept used to describe the development of the welfare of society, and improving the quality of life is one of the most important goals of governments around the world. Informal settlements, as one of the most vulnerable urban areas, are always in unfavorable conditions in terms of various social, economic, and physical indicators. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the status of various quality of life indicators in informal settlements around the metropolis of Tehran in Iran. This research is descriptive, analytical, and correlational based on primary data in which the initial data are collected through the documentary and survey (field) method using a questionnaire. The collected data were processed by SPSS and SmartPLS software. Based on the results of the t-test, quality of life indices in informal settlements around the metropolis of Tehran, on a Likert scale with an average of 23.2, is at a low level. Also, the results of the PSL path modelling and multivariate regression test show that increasing the quality of social, economic, physical, service, and access indicators, in terms of residents, has the greatest impact on improving the quality of life of this urban fabric and security index. It has the least impact. There is also a significant relationship between indicators, and the mental perspective of citizens changes under social, service, economic, and physical conditions.

No abstract