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A new air shower experiment of the Alborz Observatory, Alborz-I, located at the Sharif University of Technology, Iran, will be constructed in near future. An area of about 30×40 m 2 will be covered by 20 plastic scintillation detectors (each with an area of 50×50 cm 2 ). A series of experiments have been performed to optimize the height of light enclosures of the detectors for this array and the results have been compared to an extended code simulation of these detectors. Operational parameters of the detector obtained by this code are cross checked by Geant4 simulation. There is a good agreement between extended-code and Geant4 simulations. We also present further discussions on the detector characteristics, which can be applicable for all scintillation detectors with a similar configuration.

Alborz-I as the first phase of the Alborz Observatory Array supposed to study the cosmic ray spectrum around the knee at Sharif University of Technology campus, Tehran (1200 m a.s.l). In this paper theoretical results obtained from study of the design features, performance, array response and angular resolution of the Alborz-I consists of 20 plastic scintillation detectors each one with surface area of 0.25 m 2 spread over an area of 40⇥40 m 2 are described. Using Monte Carlo simulation of showers, the rate of detected events per day and the trigger probability function, i.e., the probability for an extensive air shower to trigger a ground based array as a function of the shower core distance to the center of array are presented for energies around the knee and zenith angles up to 60. Moreover, the angular resolution of the array is estimated in the energies of ⇠3⇥10 14 eV, which contains the most rate of detected events by the array.

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