Objective: To test medical students’ perceptions of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on radiology and the influence of these perceptions on their choice of radiology as a lifetime career. Methods: A cross-sectional multicenter survey of medical students in Saudi Arabia was conducted in April 2019. Results: Of the 476 respondents, 34 considered radiology their first specialty choice, 26 considered it their second choice, and 65 considered it their third choice. Only 31% believed that AI would replace radiologists in their lifetime, while 44.8% believed that AI would minimize the number of radiologists needed in the future. Approximately 50% believed they had a good understanding of AI; however, when knowledge of AI was tested using five questions, on average, only 22% of the questions were answered correctly. Among the respondents who ranked radiology as their first choice, 58.8% were anxious about the uncertain impact of AI on radiology. The number of respondents who ranked radiology as one of their top three choices increased by 14 when AI was not a consideration. Radiology conferences and the opinions of radiologists had the most influence on the respondents’ preferences for radiology. Conclusion: The worry that AI might displace radiologists in the future had a negative influence on medical students’ consideration of radiology as a career. Academic radiologists are encouraged to educate their students about AI and its potential impact when students are considering radiology as a lifetime career choice. Advances in knowledge: Rapid advances of AI in radiology will certainly impact the specialty, the concern of AI impact on radiology had negative influence in our participants and investing in AI education and is highly recommended.

BackgroundIatrogenic arterial injury during bone marrow biopsy is an extremely rare complication. We present unreported complication of median sacral artery injury that was managed successfully with endovascular treatment.Case presentationA 22-year-old Caucasian man known to have end-stage renal disease secondary to Senior-Loken syndrome presented with anemia. He underwent an investigation with bone marrow biopsy that was complicated by hypotension and a further significant drop in his hemoglobin level. Cross-sectional imaging with computed tomography demonstrated a large abdominopelvic retroperitoneal hematoma and active bleeding of the median sacral artery. A successful lifesaving endovascular trans-arterial embolization was performed on an emergency basis and our patient was discharged in a stable condition a few days later.ConclusionIatrogenic arterial injury after a bone marrow biopsy is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, a median sacral artery injury has not been previously reported. Endovascular trans-arterial embolization is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive therapeutic option.

Objective: Interventional radiology (IR) is experiencing massive growth in the medical scene as new interventions are being introduced continuously to contribute to patient care. However, IR does not go without its fair share of challenges. Personnel shortages, turf wars, and a vague understanding of the role of IR in the hospital setting by medical students are a few. The latter could negatively impact the recruitment of young prospects and contribute to further personnel shortage. To combat this, we aimed to assess the final-year medical students' awareness of IR. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire study. Our target population was all final-year medical students at university-based medical schools. Surveys were sent to 822 students, and a total of 719 final-year medical students responded (87.5%). The survey was distributed anonymously during November and December 2018. The survey consists of 21-closed and open-ended questions. Results: The vast majority of the respondents felt that their knowledge of IR was poor (83%), while a few reported that they had a good grasp of IR (16%). Half of the respondents believe that an Interventional Radiologist (IRs) must complete training in radiology. However, 42% thought that radiology and surgery was the correct route of training for IRs. Seventy-one percent and 73% of the final-year medical students correctly identified that IRs perform uterine artery embolization and lower limb angioplasty, respectively. A majority (68%) of the respondents believe that IRs perform cardiac angioplasty and stenting, whereas 57% believe that they perform femoral-popliteal bypass. Conclusion: Our data suggest that knowledge, awareness, and exposure of the final-year medical students to IR are overwhelmingly poor in the region. This can be ameliorated through a number of means, such as directly involving IRs in the medical student curriculum, IR awareness campaigns, and IR symposiums.