The welfare conditions of domestic animals during transport to the slaughterhouse are largely known able to influence the level of their stress, physiology and meat quality. Furthermore, the reaction of animals to stressors depends on the duration and intensity of these stressors. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of transport distance on some blood physiological indicators of stress and biomarkers of oxidant stress in camels. Transport distances were categorized as short (72-80km), medium (160-170km) and long (350-360km) distance. Haematocrit, haemolysis, cortisol, glucose, lactate, malondialdehyde and catalase increased gradually and significantly (P<0.05) with transport distance, and that over longer distance these parameters were more significant (P<0.005) compared with short-distance. A positive correlation (P<0.001) was obtained between cortisol, glucose, lactate, malondialdéhyde and catalase.As conclusion, road transport is very stressful in camel, and the effects of this stress on the relevant indicators rising much with distance. Future work should focus on the effect of transport distance on some quality indicators of camel meat.

Antioxidant vitamins may affect an organism's capacity for defense against damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and biological markers of the dietary exposure to these compounds is of importance. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of vitamin E and vitamin C against the hemolysis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) in camel's red blood cells in vitro, and for assessing the vulnerability of camel erythrocytes to oxidative stress (OS). Vitamin E and vitamin C were able to protect the red blood cells against the H 2 O 2 -induced hemolysis and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) formation. The antioxidative property of these vitamins in reducing oxidative injury showed in this work, may suggest that these molecules may be very helpful to fight the ROS during OS induced by transportation, heat, deshydratation, aging, and parasite, infectious and metabolic diseases in dromedary camels.

Alors que cela a été réalisé chez de nombreuses autres espèces de mammifères, chez le dromadaire, l’évaluation du taux de cortisol a été très rarement décrite dans les fèces, et elle ne l’a jamais été dans les poils. L’objectif de cette étude a ainsi été de déterminer, chez cet animal, les taux de cortisol dans le sérum, les poils et les fèces, et leurs éventuelles corrélations. Les résultats ont montré que le taux de cortisol variait avec la saison et qu’il était significativement (p < 0,05) plus élevé en janvier qu’en mai/juin. Une corrélation positive entre les taux sériques et ceux déterminés dans les poils et les fèces a été notée. Cette corrélation indique que l’analyse du cortisol dans les poils et les fèces reflète l’activité de la corticosurrénale et pourrait être utilisée comme une méthode non-invasive pour évaluer le stress chez le dromadaire.