The pathogenic microflora and entomofauna were studied on the Chaenomeles Lindl. cutivars (Maloideae, Rosaceae). In central Russia, the multi-year systematic monitoring of pathogens and phytophages was carried out on plants Ch. japonica, Ch. cathayensis, Ch.×superba. Among the identified pathogens, the micromycetes belonging to genera Botrytis, Cytospora, Diplocarpon, Entomosporium, Gloeosporium, Monilia, Neonectria, Penicillium, Pestalotia, Phomopsis, Phyllosticta, Septoria and Sphaeropsis were found to be injurious. With age, the accumulation of infectious background, including viral diseases and the damaging entomofauna was noted in the plantings of fruit crop Chaenomeles. The species composition of phytophages is mainly represented by autochthonous species (polyphages and oligophages), preferring the plants of Rosaceae family. Despite the abundance of species in the phytophage complex, it has a little effect on the decorativeness of Ch. japonica, Ch. cathayensis and Ch. × superba.

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Modern higher education makes high requirements on the level of students’ training, which requires a fundamentally new approach to learning. Students’ research work of higher educational institutions is a promising activity that can realize the full personal development of students, reveal their creative potential and individual resources. The organization of research activities will allow to conduct meaningful laboratory and practical classes in an interactive mode, when students develop research, communication and reflexive skills. A competent method of organizing research activities will significantly improve the effectiveness of classroom activities, maintain a high degree of interest and cognitive activity of students, and the use of research training technologies when considering issues of biodiversity will make it possible to identify the essence of the studied processes and ensure professional and personal growth of students. The importance of scientific research in natural science education was evoked. Main directions of the student’s research activity on the base creation for carabidological observations and ecological control are considered. Data received are the case of interest not only for comparative analysis of carabid beetles communities zone changes but also for clarification of carabidofauna spacing under the condition of anthropogenic transformation in the Central part of Russia. The presented information can be used as additional material by teachers of higher and secondary educational organizations and by biology teachers. To arrange the students’ research activity instructional guidelines were worked out which help to form research competence and put into practice research approach in higher education.

Рецензент д-р пед. наук, профессор С. В. Попова Ключевые слова: интерактивные технологии; компетентностный подход; познавательная активность. Аннотация: Приведены результаты изучения способов развития познавательной активности обучающихся педагогического вуза. Проанализированы условия для развития познавательной активности студентов-бакалавров, созданные в институте. Сделан акцент на роли интерактивных технологий обучения в аудиторной и внеаудиторной работе.