Results of investigations of the earthquake resistance of structures are analyzed.The detailed design of the Boguchany HPP was developed in the 1990s when the seismicity of the region was evaluated at six points. The stress-strain state (SSS) of the basic structures had not been analyzed for a six-point seismic event in conformity with Construction Rule and Regulation II-59-74 "Riparian water-development works. Basic design positions," which was in force at that time.In 1999, the seismicity at the construction site of the Boguchany HPP was elevated, and is currently seven points with a repeatability of once every 5000 years (I norm = 7) according to the OSR-97-S map in Construction Rule and Regulation II-7-81* "Construction in seismic regions" [5].In 2000 -2002, the Center for Geodynamic Observations in the Power-Generation Industry (CGOPGI), Institute of the Earth's Crust, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IEC SD RAS), and the Altai-Sayano Experimental and Seismological Party (EMSP) conducted seismological investigations in the area of the hydroproject's construction. As a result of the investigations, the level of the design intensity of earthquakes for the region of the Boguchany HPP was established at six points (I in = 6) based on the OSR-97-S map (i.e., with a design period of repeatability of the maximum design earthquake (MDE) of once in 5000 years), and up to five points based on the OSR-97-C map (with a design period of repeatability of the design earthquake (DE) of once in 1000 years) [7].According to the "Design rules for water-development works in seismic regions" [2], Construction Rule and Regulation II-7-81* "Construction in seismic regions" [5], and Construction Rule and Regulation 33-03 "Water-development works in seismic regions" [6], water-development works are not subject to analysis of seismic loads in a region with a six-point seismicity.In various organizations of the Krasnoyarsk Kray, doubts have been voiced concerning grounds for substantiation of the lowering of the level of the design seismicity, and, accordingly, the earthquake resistance of basic structures of the Boguchany HPP. To put these doubts to rest, the staff responsible for the construction charged the Institute Gidroproekt to conduct verification studies of the earthquake resistance of the concrete and rockfill dam (RFD), powerhouse, and service and production building (SPB) under an assigned seven-point seismicity (I in = 7). (Candidates of Technical Sciences A. V. Deineko and D. A. Krutov, and engineers L. D. Solov'eva and A. A. Yakushev participated in the studies).To utilize the design positions stated in Rules [2], and Construction Rules and Regulations [5] and [6], we conditionally worsened the seismic conditions at the construction site by a factor of two:-increased the initial seismicity from six to seven points (I in = 7) with a design period of once in 5,000 years; and, -lowered the class of the soils in the bed of the structures at the Boguchany HPP from Class I to Class I -II.The maximum peak ...

A modern approach is proposed for analytical investigation of the stress-strain state, strength, and stability of water-development works. Actual trends in the refinement of analytical investigations are noted: incorporation of parallel-calculation technology, integration of analytical programs and automated design systems, development of structural analyses, etc. A procedure for consideration of the influence exerted by massive production equipment on the stress-strain state of a structure DURING a seismic event is examined.Substantiation of the safety of modern water-development works is a major design problem [1]. As a rule, analytical investigation of the stress-strain state (SSS), strength, and stability is carried out for this purpose on the basis of mathematical modeling of the "structure-bed" system with consideration of various kinds of loads and effects, including dynamic ones. The position is complicated by the fact that different criteria are used in different countries for evaluation of SSS, strength, and stability [2], and specific efforts must be made in order to design the structure in conformity with assigned standards. This position was complicated when Russian specialists and foreign consultants attempted to design the Son La hydroelectric power plant on the Da River, which is being constructed in a seismically active region of Vietnam. As a result, the structures of the HPP were designed in accordance with the Russian Rules and Regulations and American standards. The Son La HPP should become the largest in Southeast Asia [3].Analytical investigations of the SSS are conducted, as a rule, on the basis of the finite-element method (FEM) in the three-dimensional statement using multipurpose universal software packages for finite-element analysis. Figure 1 shows the finite-element model (FE-model) of the powerhouse at the Son la HPP [4]. The model was constructed of three-dimensional finite elements (FE) in the form of tetrahedrons in zones of massive concrete and the bed; shell FE simulating the reinforced-concrete slab constructions (walls, ceilings, buttresses), and also the steel linings of the penstock and spiral case; rod FE to account for the floor trusses, couplings, and beams; contact FE along the lower surface of the section; and, a concentrated mass of FE to account for the connected masses when subjected to earthquake effects.Modern design requires interaction between analytical software and automated design systems (ADS) [5,6]. Their interaction is two-way in nature:-initial information for development of the Fe-model of a structure, and further investigation of the SSS is delivered from the ADS to the software medium; -a conclusion concerning the strength and stability of the structure is formulated on the basis of results derived from investigation of the SSS, and reinforcement calculations, the results of which can be transferred to the ADS in electronic form, are conducted.Differences in data-management principles create a certain inconvenience for effective interaction between ADS...

When designing and constructing high dams in canyons of mountain rivers, special attention is given to the problem of reliability of the rock foundations and slopes.In view of the specific features (characteristics of the structure, presence of discontinuities oriented in a definite pattern) the determination of the reliability of rock foundations and dopes cannot be founded on relations borrowed from soil mechanics. The solution of this problem must be based on rock mechanics, a relatively young science that originated from geological sciences and structural mechanics [1].The main purpose of this article is to determine the magnitude and direction of additional retaining force, i.e., anchoring force, necessary to ensure stability of a rock dope threatening to collapse with a certain standard factor of safety. Use of the, analytical method is suggested for solving this problem. A method of determining the factor of safety against sliding of rock slopes in a natural (unprotected) state is suggested simukaneously, on the basis of the analytical solution obtained.

Дан анализ существующих методик математического моделирования фильтрационного режима оснований высоких плотин на основе применения метода конечных элементов. Рассмотрены потенциально возможные причины нарушения фильтрационного режима, а также соответствующие приемы расчетного прогнозирования параметров нештатного развития фильтрационных процессов. Ключевые слова: фильтрация, высокие плотины, математические модели, метод конечных элементов, моделирование.

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