Results are given of experimental and numerical investigations of electrical conductivity and mobility of electrons in the products of combustion of hydrogen-oxygen fuel seeded with cesium or potassium-sodium eutectic. The experiments were performed in model (flow rate of 0.9 kg/s, thermal power N th ≈ 7 MW) and large-scale experimental (flow rate ≈12 kg/s, N th ≈ 150 MW) facilities with the pressure in the combustor ranging from 2 to 6 MPa, oxidizer excess coefficients of 0.6 to 1.1, mass fractions of the seed in the fuel of 0.3 to 0.9 with the Mach number M ≈ 2.4. The basic characteristics, structural schemes, and general views of the facilities are given. When cesium is used for seeding, the experimentally obtained values of electrical conductivity may be as high as σ el ≈ 20 S/m, those of σ el v 2 ≈ 115 S/m (km/s) 2 , and of electron mobility -0.11 T -1 at a pressure of ≈0.3 MPa, temperature of ≈2800 K, and flow velocity v ≈ 2500 m/s. Under the same conditions for combustion products seeded with KNa eutectic, we have σ el ≈ 9 S/m, σ el v 2 ≈ 65 (S/m)(km/s) 2 , and electron mobility of 0.09 T -1 .

Results are given of experimental and numerical investigations of plasma of products of combustion of pyrotechnic fuel [(64-69%)Mg+(35-30%)KNO 3 +1% process additions] in air for the oxidizer excess coefficient α in the range from 0.8 to 1.1 and for different conditions in the combustor and MHD channel. The choice of the optimal formula of pyrotechnic fuel for use in experiments is analyzed and validated. The structural scheme and description are given of the Pamir-0-KT experimental facility. The operating time of the MHD facility was 3.6 s, with the flow rate of combustion products of about 2 kg/s at a pressure in the plasma generator of p ch ≈ 4 MPa. The maximal value of the MHD-channel cross-section average plasma conductivity of 23 S/m at an electron mobility of 0.45 T -1 is obtained for the composition of pyrotechnic fuel of 64%Mg+35%KNO 3 at α = 0.96, pressure of 0.08 MPa, temperature of 2700 K, and flow velocity of 1900 m/s. It is demonstrated numerically that the value of conductivity σ 0 in the flow core is at least 50 S/m. The dependences of electrode voltage drops on current density are determined. The possibility is demonstrated of non-contracted flow of current to the surface of "cold" (800 K) electrode at average current densities up to 3×10 4 A/m 2 and α ≈ 0.9.

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