The need for minimal tillage is due to the reduction of energy and labor costs for the operation. In modern technologies for the cultivation of agricultural crops, processing accounts for up to 25% of labor and 40% of energy costs. The purpose of the study: the development of a combined tillage unit with a universal working body that increases the quality of minimum tillage, the stability of the unit movement with an increase in functionality.

Scientific institutions of agro-engineering profile of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, which are under the scientific and methodological guidance of the Department of Agricultural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) in the section of mechanization, electrification and automation, have presented the main scientific and technical achievements and research results for 2021 of in the field of developing new machine technologies, energy-saturated agricultural machinery, mobile energy and robotic technical means, digital systems for the production of the main types of competitive agricultural products, development of efficient energy supply systems using artificial intelligence, renewable energy and modern technical service in the agribusiness.

The description of a new method of winter grafting of sweet cherry varieties “Revna” is given. The novelty of the method lies in the use of a portable device for generating cold plasma, as well as a plasma-treated solution, developed by the team of authors. It has been established that exposure to cold plasma affects the growth length of “Revna” cherries by 17–28%, while an increase in the diameter of the root collar by 20–23% was observed. The electrical resistivity in the grafting zone after exposure to plasma or plasma-activated water decreased by an average of 14% compared to the control, which indicated a better fusion of the transport fibers of the rootstocks and scions.

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For sowing seeds of agricultural crops, the industry produces seeding devices of various modifications, these include seeding devices of pneumatic seeders, operating both on excess air pressure and on vacuum. The design we have developed belongs to the second group. The purpose of current work is to create a pneumatic sowing device operating in a vacuum, capable of sowing seeds of row crops and forage crops in a combined and nesting way in compliance with established seeding patterns and rates.