In this paper we present a model based on the auction theory for community properties and its possible application to China's economic reforms. We derive the Nash bidding rule for the first price sealed-bid auction of a community-owned object, and compare it with the bidding rule for auctions of a privately-owned object. Moreover, we argue that in the process of China's economic reforms, auctioning off the community-owned properties to private owners is the optimal way to achieve economic efficiency together with social equity. This paper has obvious implications for China's reforms relating to commercializing its rural land and other community property. Copyright 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation 2009 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

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Web services on the internet are distributed, heterogeneous, autonomous and dynamic, which leads to uncertainty of web services. These uncertain factors affect success rate of service composition. The web service composition problem should be considered as an uncertain planning problem. Therefore, we use an uncertainty planning method to deal with the uncertain planning problem for service composition. Without knowing complete information, our method uses an estimated value function to obtain a composite service. We give details and examples that how to compose services by our method. In addition, we shows relations among user requirements, service invocations and Quality of services. The experiments verify the validity of the algorithm.