The objective: to evaluate the prevalence of hemostasis and folate cycle gene polymorphisms in patients with a history of miscarriage. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted of 125 women with habitual miscarriage who were in the first, main, group. The criteria for inclusion of patients in the study were the presence of two or more pregnancy losses in the anamnesis up to 22 weeks. The exclusion criteria were anatomical, endocrine, infectious, immunological, social causes of miscarriage, and the presence of benign uterine tumors and antiphospholipid syndrome. Group II (control) included 40 somatically healthy women, without reproductive losses, with a history of at least one physiological pregnancy. All women underwent a molecular genetic study of 8 hemostatic system genes and 4 folate cycle genes by a multiplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction in real time. Results. As a result of the analysis in women with habitual miscarriage, statistically significantly more often revealed: homozygous polymorphism for the gene FGB 455G> A, ITGA2 (α2-integrin) C807T, both homo- and heterozygous forms, homozygous polymorphism 5GG75GG7575G > 4G – homo- and heterozygous forms, as well as polymorphism of MTHFR 677C> T and MTHFR 1298A> C genes. A statistically significant association of ITGA2 807C> T and PAI-1 675 5G> 4G polymorphisms was confirmed with more than six and sevenfold increased odds of habitual miscarriage (p=0.0002 and 0.0001, respectively). Carrying the mutant allele of the FGB 455G> A gene was associated with a 3.6-fold increase in the chances of reproductive loss. Multigenic forms of thrombophilia were detected in 109 (87.2%) women of the main group, which was 3.5 times higher than the corresponding indicators in the control group – 10 (25.0%); p <0.05. Conclusion. In order to prevent recurrent reproductive losses in patients with a history of pregnancy miscarriage, with the exception of other causes, it is necessary to carry out an examination for the presence of clotting and folate cycle polymorphisms. Detection of the carrier of mutant alleles in patients with pregnancy miscarriage will help to properly study the activity of certain parts of the hemostasis system, to adequately select therapy and to realize the reproductive function of a woman. Key words: habitual miscarriage, pregnancy polymorphism of hemostasis genes, folate cycle.
Мета дослідження – визначення рівня кальцію і вітаміну D у жінок із порушеннями менструальної функції (ПМФ) на тлі хронічного гепатиту (ХГ), його впливу на якість життя жінок та комплексна терапія. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 77 жінок репродуктивного віку (від 18 до 43 років) із ПМФ на тлі ХГ: аномальними матковими кровотечами (АМК) та дисменореєю. У контрольній групі було 30 жінок із ПМФ без патології печінки. Вивчено прояви ПМФ, визначено рівень кальцію, вітаміну D, білкових фракцій при загостренні та ремісії ХГ, оцінено якість життя жінок. Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Пацієнток було розподілено на 2 групи залежно від методу лікування. Виявлено достовірне зниження рівня кальцію, вітаміну D та альбуміну, отримані результати підтверджують літературні дані. У жінок обох груп до лікування спостерігали помірний рівень зниження якості життя. Застосування в комплексній терапії комбінованого препарату кальцію з вітаміном D сприяло достовірному підвищенню рівня кальцію, вітаміну D та альбуміну. У 2 групі підвищився рівень якості життя за рахунок фізичного здоров’я. У доступній для обробки літературі ми не знайшли подібних досліджень при зазначеній коморбідній патології. Висновки. У жінок з ПМФ на тлі загострення ХГ спостерігається зниження рівня кальцію та вітаміну D в крові, що призводить до погіршення якості життя. Комплексна терапія з урахуванням дефіциту кальцію та вітаміну D забезпечує тривалу ремісію та покращує якість життя пацієнток.
OBJECTIVE -to analyses the results of patients' surgery, to determine the incidence rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) and to identify prevailing pathogens and their resistance to antibiotics in Ukrainian hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHODS.The investigation included 9,408 patients who underwent surgeries during 2015 in 12 surgical hospitals in different Ukrainian regions. In order to determine the incidence rates of SSIs were used the standard definition that were developed by the CDС (USA). The investigation included the analysis of 1,248 strains from patients with clinical symptoms SSIs. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of cultures were determined, using automated microbiology analyzer Vitek 2 Compact (BioMerieux, France). Susceptibility to antibiotics was determined using AST cards (BioMerieux, France). Some antimicrobial susceptibility test used Kirby -Bauer antibiotic testing. Interpretative criteria were those suggested by the CLSI (USA). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Data analysis demonstrated that 13.3 % (CI 95 %: 12.3-14.2 %) patients developed postoperative SSIs. Infection rates after various surgical procedures at surgical sites were observed. Shows the high infection rate in appendectomy (17.47 %), gastric, small and large bowel surgeries (18.23 %). The infection rate in orthopedic procedures (13.27 %), cholelithiasis (hepatobiliary) (14.93 %), uterus and adnexal structures (11.10 %), urinary tract and genitalia (9.37 %) and hernia (14.1 %) are comparatively lower. The infection rate in lower segment caesarean structure is 4.24 % and excision of dermoid cysts, lipomas 3.22 %. Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the most common causative agent of SSIs (27.6 %), followed by Escherichia coli (14.1 %), Enterococcus faecalis (13.5 %), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.1 %). Frequency of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis and Proteus vulgaris was 7.1 %, 6.9 %, 6.1 %, 4.7 %, 4.6 %, 3.6 %, and 1.6 %, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that all strains of S. aureus resistant to penicillin. The most active antibiotics found were linezolid, tigecycline, and mupirocin, showing growth inhibition of 100 % strains tested, followed by nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/ sulphamethoxazole, to fusidic acid, teicoplanin, fosfomycin, gentamycin, vancomycin. Susceptibility to tetracycline, rifampicin, erythromycin, and clindamycin was observed to be some lower. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus comprised 29.1 %, while Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus comprised 9.3 %. Resistance E. faecalis to ceftibuten, chloramphenicol, moxifloxacin, and teicoplanin was 100 % and to cefepime 96 %. The proportion of vancomycin-resistant enterococci was 6.9 %. 26.5 % of E. coli strains showed resistance to all tested antibiotics. The most potent antimicrobials were imipenem, tobramycin, meropenem, levofloxacin and amikacinum. The high rates of resistance were found to penicillum, lincomycin, clindamy...
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