Ю.с. ЛобАноВ, с.Л. ЛобАноВ, к.Г. шАпоВАЛоВ ИзМененИя МИкроЦИркуляЦИИ прИ ИнтраабдоМИнальной гИпертензИИ В ХИрургИИ Читинская государственная медицинская академия, г. Чита, российская Федерация внедрение современных хирургических технологий нередко сопровождается негативными эффектами. применение эндоскопических методик может приводить к развитию феномена интраабдоминальной гипертензии, который встречается также при многих патологических процессах в брюшной полости. одним из серьезных осложнений является расстройство гемодинамики, а также нарушения системы гемостаза, ведущие к возникновению тромбозов и тромбоэмболий. длительная гипертензия сопровождается возникновением абдоминального компартмент-синдрома с развитием полиорганной недостаточности. важным является профилактика осложнений. в представленном обзоре приводятся современные данные о нарушениях в системе микроциркуляции возникающих при повышенном внутрибрюшном давлении. рассматриваются патофизиологические реакции в системе гемостаза. исследование влияния внутрибрюшной гипертензии, созданной в результате пневмоперитонеума, на коагуляцию и фибринолиз под общим наркозом выявило негативные изменения в послеоперационном периоде, которые сводились к активации факторов свертывания крови и угнетения фибринолиза. представлены исследования функции эндотелия при интраабдоминальной гипертензии. рассматриваются возможные маркеры, с помощью которых возможно прогнозирование патологических реакций. проведенный анализ литературы показал, что сдвиги гемокоагуляции у пациентов с калькулезным холециститом могут способствовать развитию венозного тромбоэмболизма. первопричиной дисфункции эндотелия также может стать регионарное нарушение микроциркуляции. Ключевые слова: интраабдоминальная гипертензия, гемостаз, эндотелий, микроциркуляция, венозный тромбоэмболизм The introduction of modern surgical technologies is often accompanied by negative effects. The use of endoscopic techniques can lead to the development of the phenomenon of intra-abdominal hypertension, which is also found in many pathological processes in the abdominal cavity. One of serious complications is hemodynamic disorder, hemostasis system disorders leading to thrombosis and thromboembolism. Long-term hypertension is accompanied by the development of the abdominal compartment syndrome with the development of multiple organ failure. it is important to prevent complications. This review presents current data on the disorders in the microcirculation system arising when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Pathophysiological reactions in the hemostatic system are studied. The study of the influence of intraperitoneal hypertension, created as a result of pneumoperitoneum, on coagulation and fibrinolysis under general anesthesia, revealed negative changes in the postoperative period, which led to activation of clotting factors and inhibition of fibrinolysis. Studies of the endothelial function in case of intra-abdominal hypertension are presented. Possible markers with the help of which it is possible to predict patholo...
Aim of the study. To study alterations in macrohaemodynamics in diff erent modes of retropneumoperitoneum during retroperitoneal surgery. Material and methods. A total of 58 patients aged 40-60, both male and female, with previous surgeries on renal cysts through retroperitoneal approach were studied aft er distribution between 2 groups. In the fi rst group, the pressure did not exceed 12 mm Hg. The RPP in the second group was observed to be 12-16 mm Hg. During the surgical intervention, analysis of the cardiovascular system values was carried out using the method of volume compression oscillometry. Results. Evaluation of macrohaemodynamics revealed significant deviation of the indices in patients with high RPP (group 2). Elevated true systolic pressure was revealed, as well as cardiac output decrease by 20 %, decrease of the cardiac index by 24 % and decrease of the stroke volume by 11 %. Th e patients treated with application of the highest gas pressure in the retroperitoneal space were revealed to have decrease in the linear velocity of blood fl ow by 17 % and elevation of total systemic vascular resistance (TSVR) by 12 %. Conclusion. Th erefore, the RPP value of 12-16 mm Hg exerts significant influence on the patient’s macrohaemodynamic status
Surgical care in a mono-hospital for patients with COVID-19 leads to a number of organisational problems due to the lack of specialised departments. The article presents the experience of surgical treatment in a mono-hospital obtained from one and a half years of work in this mode. In total, approximately 400 surgeries were performed. Th e experience of treatment of 7 patients with acute intestinal obstruction has been summarised. In the abdominal cavity, a significant number of hematomas of varied localisation were found under the parietal and visceral peritoneum, as well as in the subcutaneous fat. Th is is possibly associated with anticoagulant therapy included in the treatment regimen for patients with COVID-19 according to the methodical recommendations by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. As an illustration, a successful case of treating COVID-19 patient with strangulated hernia of the abdominal white line complicated by acute intestinal obstruction is presented.
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