No abstract

DNA polymorphism has been studied, indicators of genetic diversity and genetic structure of 3 populations of Pinus sylvestris L. and 3 populations of Pinus sibirica Du Tour in the Perm Krai have been determined. In the populations of P. sibirica, 102 ISSR-PCR markers were found, of which 88 were polymorphic (P95 = 0.863), and in the populations of P. sylvestris — 113 ISSR-PCR markers, 100 of which were polymorphic (P95 = 0.885). The populations of the two studied species of woody plants are characterized by high genetic diversity. At the same time, in P. sibirica, the indices of genetic diversity were slightly higher (HE = 0.195; ne = 1.335; na = 1.330) than in P. sylvestris (HE = 0.166; ne = 1.268; na = 1.212). The analysis of the genetic structure showed that the coefficient of genetic subdivision (GST) in the two studied species of the genus Pinus are similar and amount to 0.320 in P. sibirica and 0.303 in P. sylvestris. The populations of Siberian pine and Scots pine are characterized by an average degree of genetic differentiation, since the interpopulation component accounts for 32.0% and 30.3% of the genetic diversity of these species, respectively. Using the Mantel test, a high correlation was found between genetic and geographical distances in P. sibirica populations (R2 = 0.6871), while P. sylvestris showed a low correlation (R2 = 0.0649). The data obtained are relevant for the preservation of the gene pools of the studied two species of the genus Pinus in the Perm Krai.

In the article the directions for alternative fuels from inedible bio raw destination. This eliminates competition between the use of vegetable oils for edible products and for biofuels. Considers non-edible oil purpose, which can be successfully used as a raw material for producing biofuels. This opens the possibility of selective and genetically modified characteristics of the fruit of the plant to produce biofuels with desired properties.

For the selection of identification SNP markers and identification at the population level, 5 populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae) and 5 populations of the western race of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb., Pinaceae) in the Perm Krai were studied. To determine nucleotide sequences and select identification SNP markers in 10 populations of two woody plant species of the Perm Krai, 14 pairs of nuclear and 3 pairs of chloroplast loci of P. sylvestris, as well as ten pairs of primers to 10 loci of potentially adaptively significant genes of L. sibirica were tested. Sequencing of 3 nuclear loci and 3 loci of chloroplast DNA of P. sylvestris, as well as 6 loci of nuclear adaptively significant genes of L. sibirica were sequenced. In the sequenced sequences of two plant species, 59 SNP markers were detected. Of these, 11 identification SNP markers were established, with a sufficiently high frequency of occurrence (≥0.5), suitable for identifying populations of two coniferous plant species.