Российский технологический университет, институт тонких химических технологий, г. Москва, Россия, АННОТАЦИЯИзучена адсорбция индивидуальных неионных ПАВ с различной природой функциональных групп и их смесей на поверхности твердых и жидких частиц. В композициях алкилглюкозидоксиэтилированный спирткокамидопропиламиноксид в соотношении 41,5:41,5:17 наблюдается синергетический эффект увеличения величины максимальной адсорбции, толщины адсорбционного слоя и уменьшения площади, занимаемой одной молекулой на поверхности. Плотная упаковка молекул смесей ПАВ в межфазном слое обеспечивает уменьшение размеров частиц суспензий и эмульсий и повышение их устойчивости в дисперсионной среде в процессе очистки поверхностей от загрязнений. ANNOTATIONThe adsorption of individual nonionic surfactants with different nature of functional groups and their mixtures on the surface of solid and liquid particles was studied. In the compositions of alkyl glucoside -ethoxylated alcohol -cocamidopropylamine oxide in a ratio of 41.5: 41.5: 17, a synergistic effect is observed of increasing the maximum adsorption, the thickness of the adsorption layer and decreasing the area occupied by one molecule on the surface. The tight packing of molecules of surfactant mixtures in the interfacial layer ensures a decrease in the particle size of suspensions and emulsions and an increase in their stability in a dispersion medium during the cleaning of surfaces from contaminants.Ключевые слова: неионные ПАВ, смеси ПАВ, адсорбция, синергизм ПАВ, размер частиц, технический углерод, масляное загрязнение.
Смеси неионных ПАВ для получения чистящих композиций increase the degree of surface cleaning from oil pollution. When cleaning solutions contain mixtures of three nonionic surfactants with different functional groups, synergysm of the wetting, stabilizing, foaming and emulsifying abilities of liquid detergents is provided. Compositions developed on the basis of colloid-chemical criteria are characterized by high removal efficiency with respect to pigment-oil stains from the fabric at pH in the range from 8.8 to 10.5.
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