Growth and milk performance of yak in southern Qinghai area (short communication) AbstractThe Study carried out in Xueshan Township, Guoluo prefecture, Qinghai Province, P. R. China from 1997 to 1999 on 1) Growth regulation of yak from born to adult and 1/4 wild yak from born to one and half year; 2) The effect of nursing or not on the growth and development of dam; 3) Meat performance of local yak; 4)Milk productivity of female yak. It can be served as the theory basis from which crossbreed improvement of yak and government decision could be drawn.

BACKGROUND From the approval of the first COVID-19 vaccine to the end of the COVID-19 pandemic in China, COVID-19 vaccines are considered one of the most effective ways to protect people from the COVID-19 pandemic. The public has been using social media platform such as Sina Weibo as an outlet to express their feelings, concerns, and opinions about COVID-19 vaccines. This study examined COVID-19 vaccine-related blogs between the Dec 2020 and Oct 2021, when large-vaccination were carried out. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine key themes and topics from COVID-19 vaccine blogs in China, as well as to explore the trends and to detect the peaks and events in public opinions and sentiments during the vaccination. METHODS A corpus of 893,923 blogs were captured on the largest social platform Sina Weibo in China between Dec 2020 and Oct 2021. There were several blogs classification tasks: first, they need to be classified as relevant or irrelevant; then the relevant blogs were classified as objective and subjective; at last, the subjective blogs were classified as positive, negative, or neutral. We manually annotated 1800 blogs in each classification tasks, respectively. The annotated blogs were used to train a BERT-based classifier. Topic modelling was applied on the total valid blogs and the sentiment blogs to identify the trends and attitudes of the public towards vaccination. Correlations between blogs or sentiments and daily vaccination cases were calculated. We also identified the sentiment peak and the critical public events that may have triggered the surges. RESULTS The accuracy for classification task of relevant & irrelevant, subject & object, emotional polarity are 97.2%, 96.3%, and 85.3%, respectively. By summarizing the topics chronically, it is observed that the vaccine-related discussion topics changed with relation to the critical events about vaccine. The public was more interested in the vaccination process than in the emotion to the vaccine. The topics about the negative sentiment were mainly about the side effect and vaccination hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS This paper applied Bert-based classifier and natural language processing methods to examine the changes of the topics and emotions about the COVID-19 vaccines in China during the pandemic. To identify the trends of the topics and sentiments could provide the deep insights for policymakers and health officials to construct appropriate policies and programs for COVID-19 vaccination and future pandemics.

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Using additives to prevent retrogradation together with traditional Chinese fermentation technology for rice noodles and the steam sterilizing technique used in the preparation of Japanesewudonoodles, we have developed a novel processing technique which will be discussed in this report. The major changes in rice compositions during fermentation were compared, and the effects of various anti-retrogradation additives on the freshness of instant rice noodle during storage were also measured. The results showed that rice noodles produced by fermentation have a better texture and flavor than those which are not fermented; products which have been wrapped without the addition of any preservatives but which have been steam-sterilized at 90-95 °C for 30-25 min can be stored for 24 months without any deterioration; however, additives such as plant oil, konjac powder and potato starch etc. prevent retrogradation and insure that instant rice noodles remain fresh during storage; β-amylase has been found to be the most effective reagent in this respect.