Background: To assess the prevalence and associated risk of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) prescribing in community-dwelling elderly patients in China and to examine the most frequently used PIMs. This will provide a reference for the formulation of medication manuals for the community-dwelling elderly and further standardize the use of medications in elderly patients.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study from April 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020. Data from elderly patients aged ≥65 years were collected from the Hengjie (N=2,294), Loujiang (N=3,972), and Tongxing communities (N=1,969) in Suzhou. The frequency of PIMs was detected using the 2019 Beers criteria and the 2017 Chinese criteria. Chi-square (for categorical variables), ANOVA (for continuous variables as applicable), and logistic regression were used to describe and identify potential predictors of PIMs.Results: A total of 8,235 elderly patients were examined. Using the Chinese criteria, the prevalence of PIMs was 37.07%, which was slightly higher than that found using the 2019 Beers criteria (32.16%).The most prescribed PIMs were estazolam (21.53%) and insulin (4.60%) based on the Chinese criteria.Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, polypharmacy, and comorbid disease of patients were associated with a high risk of PIMs. Furthermore, the educational background and professional title of physicians were also associated with PIMs.Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of PIMs in the Chinese community-dwelling elderly population, the implementation of evidence-based interventions to promote rational clinical drug use could improve their quality of life.