No abstract

As a result of rapid urbanization and changing climate, urban catchments are experiencing a population growth in impervious areas and more frequent extreme rainfall events (Annus et al., 2021;Zheng et al., 2015). Consequently, urban floods, caused by storms and overloading of drainage systems in urban areas, have become a serious disaster worldwide, posing significant threats to the economy, urban water environment and public safety (Lin et al., 2020). For example, Henan Province in China was hit by historically rare heavy rainstorms through 17-23 July 2021. It has caused 398 deaths or missings and direct economic losses of 120 billion RMB (Xinhua News Agency, 2022). To mitigate the impact of urban floods, different solutions have been proposed, including (a) gray infrastructure solutions that use conventional drainage facilities, such as pumps, deep tunnels and large pipes, to increase the capacity of urban drainage systems (Berggren et al., 2012); (b) green or nature-based solutions that retrofit the existing drainage system by local semi-engineered structures, such as permeable pavements,

No abstract

Although there are frequent floods, the need of utilizing the flood-water resource in Yangtze River is becoming increasingly intense. Following the concept of ensuring health Yangtze River and promoting harmony between people and water, the Three Gorges Reservoir is practiced as an example for utilization of floodwater resource based on accurate hydrological forecast and moderately taking the flood control risks.