2D MXene materials are of considerable interest for future energy storage. A MXene film could be used as an effective flexible supercapacitor electrode due to its flexibility and, more importantly, its high specific capacitance. However, although it has excellent electronic conductivity, sluggish ionic kinetics within the MXene film becomes a fundamental limitation to the electrochemical performance. To compensate for the relative deficiency, MXene films are frequently reduced to several micrometer dimensions with low mass loading (<1 mg cm−2), to the point of detriment of areal performance and commercial value. Herein, for the first time, the design of a 3D porous MXene/bacterial cellulose (BC) self‐supporting film is reported for ultrahigh capacitance performance (416 F g−1, 2084 mF cm−2) with outstanding mechanical properties and high flexibility, even when the MXene loading reaches 5 mg cm−2. The highly interconnected MXene/BC network enables both excellent electron and ion transport channel. Additionally, a maximum energy density of 252 µWh cm−2 is achieved in an asymmetric supercapacitor, higher than that of all ever‐reported MXene‐based supercapacitors. This work exploits a simple route for assembling 2D MXene materials into 3D porous films as state‐of‐the‐art electrodes for high performance energy storage devices.
CRISPR-Cas9 has emerged as a powerful technology that enables ready modification of the mammalian genome. The ability to modulate Cas9 activity can reduce off-target cleavage and facilitate precise genome engineering. Here we report the development of a Cas9 variant whose activity can be switched on and off in human cells with 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-HT) by fusing the Cas9 enzyme with the hormone-binding domain of the estrogen receptor (ERT2). The final optimized variant, termed iCas, showed low endonuclease activity without 4-HT but high editing efficiency at multiple loci with the chemical. We also tuned the duration and concentration of 4-HT treatment to reduce off-target genome modification. Additionally, we benchmarked iCas against other chemical-inducible methods and found that it had the fastest on rate and that its activity could be toggled on and off repeatedly. Collectively, these results highlight the utility of iCas for rapid and reversible control of genome-editing function.
The fabrication of highly durable, flexible, all‐solid‐state supercapacitors (ASCs) remains challenging because of the unavoidable mechanical stress that such devices are subjected to in wearable applications. Natural/artificial fiber textiles are regarded as prospective materials for flexible ASCs due to their outstanding physicochemical properties. Here, a high‐performance ASC is designed by employing graphene‐encapsulated polyester fiber loaded with polyaniline as the flexible electrodes and bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofiber‐reinforced polyacrylamide as the hydrogel electrolyte. The ASC combines the textile electrode capable of arbitrary deformation with the BC‐reinforced hydrogel with high ionic conductivity (125 mS cm−1), high tensile strength (330 kPa), and superelasticity (stretchability up to ≈1300%), giving rise to a device with high stability/compatibility between the electrodes and electrolyte that is compliant with flexible electronics. As a result, this ASC delivers high areal capacitance of 564 mF cm−2, excellent rate capability, good energy/power densities, and more importantly, superior mechanical properties without significant capacitance degradation after repeated bending, confirming the functionality of the ASC under mechanical deformation. This work demonstrates an effective design for a sufficiently tough energy storage device, which shows great potential in truly wearable applications.
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