The
anomalously high recovery of solution gas drive in some heavy
oil reservoirs has been associated with foamy oil. The effects of
external factors such as temperature, permeability, and the pressure
depletion rate on foamy oil flow have been studied sufficiently, but
few studies are available on the effect of heavy oil itself. In order
to investigate the effect of oil viscosity and the solution gas–oil
ratio on foamy oil, 11 tests of solution gas drive through a sandpack
were carried out in this work. The results show that a typical foamy
oil solution gas drive exists in three stages, which are the oil phase
expansion stage, the foamy oil flow stage, and the oil–gas
two-phase flow stage. As the oil viscosity decreases, the foamy oil
flow stage shortens, resulting in reduced recovery of this stage significantly.
In the experiment with an oil viscosity of 200 mPa·s, foamy oil
flow was not observed. A lower limit of oil viscosity should exist
for steady flow of foamy oil, which is considered to be approximately
600 mPa·s according to the experimental results. As the solution
gas–oil ratio increases, the oil recovery first increases and
then decreases. Foamy oil flow could be observed clearly when the
solution gas–oil ratio was between 10 and 26 Sm
3
/m
3
, which indicates that there is an optimal range of
solution gas–oil ratios for foamy oil solution gas drive. The
test with a solution gas–oil ratio of 35 Sm
3
/m
3
showed that oil–gas two-phase flow followed the oil
phase expansion stage as a result of the production of a quantity
of gas, which illustrates that excess solution gas is unbeneficial
to foamy oil flow on the contrary. The investigation revealed that
oil viscosity and the solution gas–oil ratio are essential
for foamy oil flow, which provides theoretical support for foamy oil
production.
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