The unique advantages and the exciting application prospects of AIEgens have triggered booming developments in this area in recent years. Among them, stimuli‐responsive AIEgens have received particular attention and impressive progress, and they have been demonstrated to show tremendous potential in many fields from physical chemistry to materials science and to biology and medicine. Here, the recent achievements of stimuli‐responsive AIEgens in terms of seven most representative types of stimuli including force, light, polarity, temperature, electricity, ion, and pH, are summarized. Based on typical examples, it is illustrated how each type of systems realize the desired stimuli‐responsive performance for various applications. The key work principles behind them are ultimately deciphered and figured out to offer new insights and guidelines for the design and engineering of the next‐generation stimuli‐responsive luminescent materials for more broad applications.
Development of stimuli‐responsive materials with complex practical functions is significant for achieving bioinspired artificial intelligence. It is challenging to fabricate stimuli‐responsive hydrogels showing simultaneous changes in fluorescence color, brightness, and shape in response to a single stimulus. Herein, a bilayer hydrogel strategy is designed by utilizing an aggregation‐induced emission luminogen, tetra‐(4‐pyridylphenyl)ethylene (TPE‐4Py), to fabricate hydrogels with the above capabilities. Bilayer hydrogel actuators with the ionomer of poly(acrylamide‐r‐sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) (PAS) as a matrix of both active and passive layers and TPE‐4Py as the core function element in the active layer are prepared. At acidic pH, the protonation of TPE‐4Py leads to fluorescence color and brightness changes of the actuators and the electrostatic interactions between the protonated TPE‐4Py and benzenesulfonate groups of the PAS chains in the active layer cause the actuators to deform. The proposed TPE‐4Py/PAS‐based bilayer hydrogel actuators with such responsiveness to stimulus provide insights in the design of intelligent systems and are highly attractive material candidates in the fields of 3D/4D printing, soft robots, and smart wearable devices.
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