BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that it is necessary to further explore genetic and immunological characteristics of GC. AIM To construct an immune-related gene (IRG) signature for accurately predicting the prognosis of patients with GC. METHODS Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 375 gastric cancer tissues and 32 normal adjacent tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GDC data portal. Then, differentially expressed IRGs from the ImmPort database were identified for GC. Cox univariate survival analysis was used to screen survival-related IRGs. Differentially expressed survival-related IRGs were considered as hub IRGs. Genetic mutations of hub IRGs were analyzed. Then, hub IRGs were selected to conduct a prognostic signature. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic performance of the signature. The correlation of the signature with clinical features and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was analyzed. RESULTS Among all DEGs, 70 hub IRGs were obtained for GC. The deletions and amplifications were the two most common types of genetic mutations of hub IRGs. A prognostic signature was identified, consisting of ten hub IRGs (including S100A12, DEFB126, KAL1, APOH, CGB5, GRP, GLP2R, LGR6, PTGER3 , and CTLA4 ). This prognostic signature could accurately distinguish patients into high- and low- risk groups, and overall survival analysis showed that high risk patients had shortened survival time than low risk patients ( P < 0.0001). The area under curve of the ROC of the signature was 0.761, suggesting that the prognostic signature had a high sensitivity and accuracy. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the prognostic signature could become an independent prognostic predictor for GC after adjustment for other clinical features. Furthermore, we found that the prognostic signature was significantly correlated with macrophage infiltration. CONCLUSION Our study proposed an immune-related prognostic signature for GC, which could help develop treatment strategies for patients with GC in the future.

Inflammation plays an important role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is widely used to evaluate global inflammation in various tumor types. However, the prognostic role of NLR in non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients was poorly known. The aim of this study was to explore the association between pre-treatment NLR and survival in TNBC patients. Data were collected for patients with stages I-III TNBC from 2006 to 2013 at Linyi Central Hospital to analyze pre-treatment NLR and survival. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox analysis was performed to determine clinicopathological parameters for their prognostic relevance. A total of 406 patients were eligible. Patients with NLR lower than 2.85 exhibited significantly higher OS (P < 0.001) and DFS (P < 0.001) than patients with higher NLR. Higher pre-treatment NLR was independently correlated with poor OS and DFS, with hazard ratios of 2.69 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.94-3.72, P = 0.001) and 2.13 (95% CI: 1.68-2.65, P = 0.008), respectively, in the Cox proportional multivariate hazard model. In conclusion, our results indicate that pre-treatment NLR may be correlated with OS and DFS in early-stage TNBC patients, and that it may have considerable clinical applications. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(6):529-535, 2018.

Circulating interleukin-35 concentration might be an independent prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma. Such prognostic significance could be partly involved in the activation of regulatory T cell and the apoptosis of CD8+ T cell.