Background China has the largest number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the world. However, owing to insufficient knowledge of self-management in patients with diabetes, blood glucose (BG) control is poor. Most diabetes-related self-management applications fail to bring significant benefits to patients with T2DM because of the low use rate and difficult operation. Objective This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the combination of the self-designed web-based T2DM management software TangPlan and WeChat on fasting BG (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight, blood pressure (BP), and lipid profiles in patients with T2DM over a 6-month period. Methods Participants were recruited and randomized into the TangPlan and WeChat or control groups. Participants in the control group received usual care, whereas the TangPlan and WeChat participants received self-management guidance with the help of TangPlan and WeChat from health care professionals, including BG self-monitoring; healthy eating; active physical exercise; increasing medication compliance; and health education during follow-ups, lectures, or web-based communication. They were also asked to record and send self-management data to the health care professionals via WeChat to obtain timely and effective guidance on diabetes self-management. Results In this study, 76.9% (120/156) of participants completed the 6-month follow-up visit. After the intervention, FBG (mean 6.51, SD 1.66 mmol/L; P=.048), HbA1c (mean 6.87%, SD 1.11%; P<.001), body weight (mean 66.50, SD 9.51 kg; P=.006), systolic BP (mean 127.03, SD 8.00 mm Hg; P=.005), diastolic BP (mean 75.25, SD 5.88 mm Hg; P=.03), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean 2.50, SD 0.61 mmol/L; P=.006), and total cholesterol (mean 4.01, SD 0.83 mmol/L; P=.02) in the TangPlan and WeChat group were all significantly lower, whereas serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean 1.20, SD 0.25 mmol/L; P=.01) was remarkably higher than in those in the control group. Compared with the baseline data, significance was found in the mean change in FBG (95% CI −0.83 to −0.20; P=.002), HbA1c (95% CI −1.92 to −1.28; P<.001), body weight (95% CI −3.13 to −1.68; P<.001), BMI (95% CI −1.10 to −0.60; P<.001), systolic BP (95% CI −7.37 to −3.94; P<.001), diastolic BP (95% CI −4.52 to −2.33; P<.001), triglycerides (95% CI −0.16 to −0.03; P=.004), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95% CI −0.54 to −0.30; P<.001), and total cholesterol (95% CI −0.60 to −0.34; P<.001) in the TangPlan and WeChat group but not in the control group (P=.08-.88). Conclusions Compared with usual care for patients with T2DM, the combination of TangPlan and WeChat was effective in improving glycemic control (decrease in HbA1c and BG levels) and serum lipid profiles as well as reducing body weight in patients with T2DM after 6 months. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000028843; https://tinyurl.com/559kuve6

This study examined the association between the energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII)-based dietary inflammatory potential and depressive symptoms (DepS) among patients with breast cancer and explores whether systemic inflammation mediates this association. We assessed dietary intake and DepS in 220 breast cancer patients by three 24 h dietary recalls and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively, and determined plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, and IL-6 in 123 blood samples. We found that each one-point increase of E-DII was related to a 53% elevated risk of DepS. Patients with the most pro-inflammatory diets had a 5.13 times higher risk of DepS than those with the most anti-inflammatory diets. Among the E-DII components, vitamin B2, zinc, and iron were inversely associated with DepS risk. Furthermore, E-DII scores were positively associated with CRP and TNF-α. Higher levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were associated with higher DepS risk. A significant mediating effect of TNF-α was revealed between E-DII and DepS. Our findings suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet is positively associated with breast cancer-related DepS, which may be mediated by TNF-α.

BACKGROUND China has the largest number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the world. However, owing to insufficient knowledge of self-management in patients with diabetes, blood glucose (BG) control is poor. Most diabetes-related self-management applications fail to bring significant benefits to patients with T2DM because of the low use rate and difficult operation. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the combination of the self-designed web-based T2DM management software TangPlan and WeChat on fasting BG (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c), body weight, blood pressure (BP), and lipid profiles in patients with T2DM over a 6-month period. METHODS Participants were recruited and randomized into the TangPlan and WeChat or control groups. Participants in the control group received usual care, whereas the TangPlan and WeChat participants received self-management guidance with the help of TangPlan and WeChat from health care professionals, including BG self-monitoring; healthy eating; active physical exercise; increasing medication compliance; and health education during follow-ups, lectures, or web-based communication. They were also asked to record and send self-management data to the health care professionals via WeChat to obtain timely and effective guidance on diabetes self-management. RESULTS In this study, 76.9% (120/156) of participants completed the 6-month follow-up visit. After the intervention, FBG (mean 6.51, SD 1.66 mmol/L; <i>P</i>=.048), HbA_1c (mean 6.87%, SD 1.11%; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), body weight (mean 66.50, SD 9.51 kg; <i>P</i>=.006), systolic BP (mean 127.03, SD 8.00 mm Hg; <i>P</i>=.005), diastolic BP (mean 75.25, SD 5.88 mm Hg; <i>P</i>=.03), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean 2.50, SD 0.61 mmol/L; <i>P</i>=.006), and total cholesterol (mean 4.01, SD 0.83 mmol/L; <i>P</i>=.02) in the TangPlan and WeChat group were all significantly lower, whereas serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean 1.20, SD 0.25 mmol/L; <i>P</i>=.01) was remarkably higher than in those in the control group. Compared with the baseline data, significance was found in the mean change in FBG (95% CI −0.83 to −0.20; <i>P</i>=.002), HbA_1c (95% CI −1.92 to −1.28; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), body weight (95% CI −3.13 to −1.68; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), BMI (95% CI −1.10 to −0.60; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), systolic BP (95% CI −7.37 to −3.94; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), diastolic BP (95% CI −4.52 to −2.33; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), triglycerides (95% CI −0.16 to −0.03; <i>P</i>=.004), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95% CI −0.54 to −0.30; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), and total cholesterol (95% CI −0.60 to −0.34; <i>P</i>&lt;.001) in the TangPlan and WeChat group but not in the control group (<i>P</i>=.08-.88). CONCLUSIONS Compared with usual care for patients with T2DM, the combination of TangPlan and WeChat was effective in improving glycemic control (decrease in HbA_1c and BG levels) and serum lipid profiles as well as reducing body weight in patients with T2DM after 6 months. CLINICALTRIAL Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000028843; https://tinyurl.com/559kuve6