Inverted-type polymer light-emitting diodes with Au nanoparticles modified ITO cathode has exhibited improved brightness from 5900 to 15,000 cd m(-2) (1.5-fold enhancement) and enhanced luminous efficiency from 4.4 to 10.5 cd A(-1) (1.4-fold enhancement), when greenish emissive polymer-P-PPV was applied as active layer. Both the experimental and theoretical results show that it is mainly attributed to effective overlapping between local surface plasmon resonance induced by Au nanopartices and excitons quenching region at ZnO/P-PPV interface, which makes originally electrode-quenched excitons emissive and increases excitons efficiency.

We design an ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on waveguide-enhanced surface plasmons (SPs). An optical waveguide was exploited to concentrate and restrict the electromagnetic (EM) energy of the incident light, and Ag nanoparticles that were assembled on the waveguide surface were used to enhance the EM field further by means of SP resonance. The enhancement factor (EF) of the incident EM field can reach 103 on the two sides of nanoparticles, and a 108–1012 EF of SERS is expected. This waveguide-assisted isolated nanoparticle substrate can reach a comparable SERS enhancement capability to that of gap-type SERS hot spots. In addition, this SERS substrate is applicable to the SERS detection of large molecules (biomacromolecules etc.), which cannot be placed in traditional gap-type hot spots.

A highly ordered and hierarchical structural nanopore array is fabricated via anodizing a pre-patterned aluminum foil under an optimized voltage. A pre-patterned hexagonal nanoindentation array on an aluminum substrate is prepared via the nanosphere lithography method. This pattern leads to an elaborate nanochannel structure with seven nanopores in each nanoindentation after anodization treatment. The structure achieved in our study is new, interesting, and likely to be applied in photonic devices.

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