Details of the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), a 6 GeV green-field diffraction-limited storage ring light source to be built in China, are presented.

Abstract:A new generation of storage ring-based light source, called diffraction-limited storage ring (DLSR), with the emittance approaching the diffraction limit for multi-keV photons by using the multi-bend achromat lattice, has attracted worldwide and extensive studies of several laboratories, and been seriously considered as a goal of upgrading the existing facilities in the imminent future. Among various DLSR proposals, the PEPX design [Cai Y, et al. Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 2012, 15: 054002] based on the 'third-order achromat' concept and with the special design of a high-beta injection straight section demonstrated that, it is feasible to achieve sufficient ring acceptance for off-axis injection in a DLSR. For the High Energy Photon Source planned to be built in Beijing, PEPX-type lattice has been designed and continuously improved. In this paper, we report the evolution of the PEPX-type design, and discuss the main issues relevant to the linear optics design and nonlinear optimization.

A new generation of storage ring-based light sources, called diffraction-limited storage rings (DLSRs), with emittance approaching the diffraction limit for multi-keV photons by means of multi-bend achromat lattices, has attracted extensive studies worldwide. Among various DLSR proposals, the hybrid multi-bend achromat concept developed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) predicts an effective way of minimizing the emittance while keeping the required chromatic sextupole strengths to an achievable level. For the High Energy Photon Source planned to be built in Beijing, an ESRF-type lattice design consisting of 48 hybrid seven-bend achromats is proposed to reach emittance as low as 60 pm•rad with a circumference of about 1296 m. Sufficient dynamic aperture, allowing vertical on-axis injection, and moderate momentum acceptance are achieved simultaneously for a promising ring performance.

In recent years nonuniform dipoles with bending-radius variation have been studied for reducing storage ring emittance. According to a new minimum-emittance theory, the effects of an arbitrary dipole can be characterized with two parameters determined by the dipole. To have a better idea of the potentials of nonuniform dipoles, here we numerically explore the possible values of these two parameters and associated bending profiles for optimal emittance reduction. Such optimization results provide a useful reference for lattice designs involving nonuniform bending. Simple bending-radius profiles (a short segment of constant radius with linear ramps on the sides) were found to be close to the optimal. Basic beam and lattice properties such as emittance, energy spread, and phase advances are presented based on the optimal dipole solutions.