Abstract-Aiming at the positioning problem of wireless sensor network node location, an improved DV-Hop positioning algorithm is proposed in this paper, together with its basic principle and realization issues. The proposed method can improve location accuracy without increasing hardware cost for sensor node. Simulation results show that it has good positioning accuracy and coverage. The influences of anchor nodes on the DV-hop algorithm are also explored in the paper.
I. INTRODUCTIONWith the development of sensor techniques, low-power electronic and radio techniques, low-power and inexpensive wireless sensors have been put into application, then the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have appeared. WSNs can be applied to many areas, such as military affairs, commerce, medical care, environmental monitoring, and have become a new research focus in computer and communication fields. Many applications of WSNs are based on sensor self-positioning, such as battlefield surveillance, environment monitoring, indoor user tracking and others, which depend on knowing the location of sensor nodes. Because of the constraint in size, power, and cost of sensor nodes, the investigation of efficient location algorithms which satisfy the basic accuracy requirement for WSNs meets new challengesMany localization algorithms for sensor networks have been proposed to provide per-node location information. Based on the type of knowledge used in localization, we divide these localization protocols into two categories: range-based and range-free. Range-based protocols use absolute point-to-point distance or angle information to calculate the location between neighboring sensors. The second class of methods, range-free approach, employs to find the distances from the non-anchor nodes to the anchor nodes. Several ranging techniques are possible for range measurement, such as angle-of-arrival (AOA) [9], received signal strength indicator (RSSI) [13], time-of-arrival (TOA) [3] or time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) [11]. Because of the hardware limitations of WSNs devices, solutions in range-free localization are being pursued as a cost-effective alternative to more expensive range-based approaches [4]. Because of the advantages on power and cost on sensor node, this paper focuses the investigation on the range-free algorithms for WSNs [14] [15].In this paper, we present an improved DV-Hop algorithm based on DV-Hop. The proposed method can improve location accuracy and coverage without increasing hardware cost of sensor node. Simulation results show that the performance of this algorithm is superior to the original DV-Hop algorithm. Compared with DV-Hop, it is more available for WSNs. This paper makes three major contributions to the localization problem in WSNs. First, we present a practical, fast and easy-to-use localization scheme with relatively high accuracy and low cost for WSNs. Second, the proposed algorithm improves location accuracy and coverage than the DV-Hop algorithm. Third, we explored the influence of anchor nodes on localization...
