Centranthera grandiflora, a kind of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in Yunnan Province, has very high medicinal value. However, constant expansion of the plantation has resulted in worsening root diseases, an obstacle of continuous cropping. From 2018 to 2019, the author investigated the parasitic nematodes in the rhizosphere of Centranthera grandiflora in Pingbian County, Yunnan province, and identified them according to their morphological characteristics. The results showed that there were two kinds of parasitic nematodes harmful to Centranthera grandiflora root in Pingbian County, Yunnan: Tylenchorhynchus capitatus Allen, 1955 and Helicotylenchus dihystera (Cobb, 1893) sher, 1961.