Clustering web services is an effective method to solving service computing problems. The key insight behind it is to extract the vectors based on the service description documents. However, the brevity of natural language service description documents typically complicates the vector construction process. To circumvent the difficulty, we propose a novel web service clustering method to vectorize documents based on the semantic similarity, which can be calculated via WordNet and multidimensional scaling (WMS) analysis. We utilize the dataset from the ProgrammableWeb to conduct extensive experiments and achieve prominent advances in precision, recall, and F-measure.

Facing a large number of candidate Web service with the same function, user wishes to get the most appropriate one. Quality-of-Service (QoS) which represents non-functional attributes of Web services, has become a major concern for choosing service. But it is time-consuming and resource-consuming to assess all the QoS values by invoking candidate services one by one. Thus, QoS prediction is considered an effective method to obtain QoS information. Although most of QoS prediction methods claim be able to capture the interaction between users and services, few of them take account non-interaction factors, especially the factors arising from the network environment. In this paper, the non-interaction factors from the network environment are referred as network bias, and a network biased matrix factorization (NBMF) method is proposed for QoS prediction. The method packages network bias into a linear regression model and puts the user-service interaction into a matrix factorization model, which is more sophisticated in adapting diversified circumstance, particularly in complex network environment. In addition, extensive experiments are conduct on real-world QoS dataset, and the result prove that the NBMF method achieves better performance than other state-ofthe-art methods.

XML/EDI has a deep influence on B2B development, benefits all XML/EDI participants despite they are big or small companies; but there are some problems in application of XML/EDI. This paper discusses these problems and put forward a solution by constructing a Virtual Web Service to solve the problems of integration application between XML/EDI and web applications. Virtual Web Service gives a unified interface that supports EDI service of different enterprises, helps transfer information among services, make XML/EDI services more stable and reliable, and less affected by real services provider. This solution can be implemented to not only EDI systems between enterprises, but also other Web applications.

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) provides a graphical notation to express the design of object-oriented software systems and has become the de facto industry standard for software design. However UML lacks precise semantics and is semi-formal. Formal specification languages are intended to provide precise and complete models for proposed software systems. Many researchers have done a lot of work in translating UML models into formal models to validate UML models. But in this paper, we discuss the reverse engineering problem, that is, when the formal models are validated and corrected, how to reverse them to UML models. We think this problem is more meaningful for software engineer. This paper presents a method that translates formal models into UML models by XMI and its Schema, and then testifies the feasibility and correctness of the reverse method by Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP) [1].