We study resident-invader dynamics in fluctuating environments when the invader and the resident have close but distinct strategies. First we focus on a class of continuous-time models of unstructured populations of multi-dimensional strategies, which incorporates environmental feedback and environmental stochasticity. Then we generalize our results to a class of structured population models. We classify the generic population dynamical outcomes of an invasion event when the resident population in a given environment is non-growing on the long-run and stochastically persistent. Our approach is based on the series expansion of a model with respect to the small strategy difference, and on the analysis of a stochastic fast-slow system induced by time-scale separation. Theoretical and numerical analyses show that the total size of the resident and invader population varies stochastically and dramatically in time, while the relative size of the invader population changes slowly and asymptotically in time. Thereby the classification is based on the asymptotic behavior of the relative population size, and which is shown to be fully determined by invasion criteria (i.e., without having to study the full generic dynamical system). Our results extend and generalize previous results for a stable resident equilibrium (particularly, Geritz in J Math Biol 50(1):67–82, 2005; Dercole and Geritz in J Theor Biol 394:231-254, 2016) to non-equilibrium resident population dynamics as well as resident dynamics with stochastic (or deterministic) drivers.

Choosing space C g as the phase space, the existence, uniqueness and stability of the solution to neutral stochastic functional differential equations with infinite delay (short for INSFDEs) are studied in this paper. Under non-Lipschitz condition, weakened linear growth condition and contractive condition, the existence-and-uniqueness theorem of the solution to INSFDEs by means of the Picard iteration, Doob's martingale inequalities, Gronwall's inequality and Bihari's inequality is obtained. Furthermore, the continuous dependence of the solutions on the initial value to INSFDEs are derived. MSC: 65C30; 60H10

A kind of general stochastic nonautonomous Lotka-Volterra models with infinite delay is investigated in this paper. By constructing several suitable Lyapunov functions, the existence and uniqueness of global positive solution and global asymptotic stability are obtained. Further, the solution asymptotically follows a normal distribution by means of linearizing stochastic differential equation. Moment estimations in time average are derived to improve the approximation distribution. Finally, numerical simulations are given to illustrate our conclusions.

In this paper, we consider a semi-on-line scheduling problem of two identical machines with common maintenance time interval and nonresumable availability. We prove a lower bound of 2.79129 on the competitive ratio and give an on-line algorithm with competitive ratio 2.79633 for this problem.