Introduction: The implementation of public health and social measures (PHSMs) was an effective option for controlling coronavirus disease 2019 . However, evidence is needed to evaluate these PHSMs' effects on the recently emerged variant Omicron.Methods: This study investigated variant Omicron BA.2's outbreak in Ruili City, Yunnan Province, China. The disease transmission dynamics, spatiotemporal interactions, and transmission networks were analyzed to illustrate the effect of PHSM strategies on Omicron spread.Results: A total of 387 cases were related to the outbreak. The time-varying reproduction number was synchronized with PHSM strategies. Spatiotemporal clustering strength presented heterogeneity and hotspots. Restricted strategies suppressed temporal and spatial relative risk compared with routine and upgraded strategies. The transmission network presented a steeper degree distribution and a heavier tail under upgraded strategies. Phase transformation and distinctive transmission patterns were observed from strategy-stratified subnetworks.Conclusions: The tightened response strategy contained reproduction of the virus, suppressed spatiotemporal clustering, and reshaped the networks of COVID-19 Omicron variant transmission. As such, PHSMs against Omicron are likely to benefit future responses as well. This study's data collection was based on field research in Ruili investigating a COVID-19 Omicron BA.2 variant outbreak that occurred between February 14 and March 29, 2022. For each COVID-19 case, the data attributes noted included gender, age, type of case, symptom onset date, exposure date, individual residence address, and whether the case involved a vaccinated person or not. This study then identified close contact relationships and constructed epidemiological links based on a detailed

Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is currently the most effective way to treat people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHs) and reduce HIV transmission. While there are many factors that reduce adherence to ART, PLHs’ knowledge about ART may determine the level of adherence. It is necessary to design and assess an instrument scale that measures the knowledge of antiretroviral therapy among PLHs. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLHs in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, China. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the latent factors of antiretroviral therapy knowledge scale. Internal consistency was assessed separately for the scale and its dimensions by estimating Cronbach’s alphas, split-half reliability and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. ANOVAs were used to compare the scores of different dimensions with sociodemographic characteristics. Results Four factors were extracted according to factor loadings. They had high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.70–0.95) and good construct validity (standardized factor loading range: 0.46–0.86) in the scale. Goodness of fit indices indicated that a four-factor solution fit the data at an accepted level (χ2/degree ratio = 1.980, RMSEA = 0.069, GFI = 0.909, CFI = 0.957, NFI = 0.917, TLI = 0.944). ANOVAs indicated that the score was higher among PLHs who were Han, had spouses/partners, were non-famers or migrant workers, initiated ART, and had a high school or above education. Conclusion The psychometric assessment indicated that this ART knowledge scale had accepted internal consistency and discriminant construct validity. It can be used to assess the knowledge of antiretroviral therapy for PLHs.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is currently the most effective measure to treat people were living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHs) and reduce HIV transmission. While there are many factors that reduce adherence to ART, PLHs’ knowledge about ART may determine the level of adherence. It is necessary to design and assess an instrument scale that measures the knowledge of antiretroviral therapy among HIV cases. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV cases in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, China. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the latent factors of antiretroviral therapy knowledge scale. Internal consistency was assessed separately for the scale and its dimensions by estimating Cronbach’s alphas, split-half reliability and Spearman's correlation coefficient. ANOVAs were used to compare the scores of different dimensions with sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed in two independent samples: a development sample (N = 205) and a validation sample (N = 205). According to factor loadings, four factors were extracted. They had high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.70 - 0.95) and good construct validity (standardized factor loading range: 0.46–0.86) in the scale. Goodness of fit indices indicated that a four-factor solution fit the data at an accepted level (χ2/degree ratio=1.980, RMSEA=0.069, GFI=0.909, CFI=0.957, NFI=0.917, TLI=0.944). ANOVAs indicated that the score was higher among HIV cases who were Han, had spouses/partners, were non-famers or migrant workers, initiated ART, and had a high school or above education. Conclusion: The psychometric assessment indicated that this ART knowledge scale had accepted internal consistency and discriminant construct validity. It can be used to assess the knowledge of antiretroviral therapy for HIV cases.