There is no proven alternative to penicillin for treatment of maternal syphilis. We report 2 case-patients with maternal syphilis who were successfully treated without penicillin. We used amoxicillin and probenecid for the first case-patient and amoxicillin, probenecid, and ceftriaxone for the second case-patient.

We report a case of Zika virus infection that was imported to Japan by a traveler returning from Vietnam. We detected Zika virus RNA in the patient’s saliva, urine, and whole blood. In the Zika virus strain isolated from the urine, we found clearly smaller plaques than in previous strains.

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We report a case of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in an elderly man in Japan who had squamous cell carcinoma. Blood cultures were initially negative for W. chitiniclastica but were positive on day 20. Careful attention needs to be paid to this organism in patients who have chronic wounds with maggots.