Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the morphologic changes of the upper airway space in Class III patients underwent mandibuler set back or bimaxillary surgery (maxillary advancement and mandibular setback) by computed tomography at 2 levels: soft palate and base of tongue Materials and Methods:The sample is consisted of 47 patients in 2 groups who had been diagnosed with Class III skeletal deformities and had been treated by mandibular setback or bimaxillary surgery (maxillary advancement and mandibular setback).Anteroposterior, lateral, cross sectional area dimensions of the airway at the level of soft palate and base of tongue was measured pre-and postoperatively on computed tomography images.Results: However, anteroposterior dimensions of the airway decreased in both groups (p<.0001), the reduction was significantly less in cases treated with bimaxillary surgery (p<.05). In mandibular setback surgery group, the cross sectional area of the airway decreased significantly (p<.001) Although, the cross sectional area of the airway decrease in bimaxillary surgery group, the reduction was not statistically significant (p>.05).Conclusions: This study suggested that bimaxillary surgery could prevent narrowing of the upper airway in the correction of Class III deformities rather than mandibular setback surgery .

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 expression following implantation of a statin and recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2), and to compare the bone regeneration capability of these substances in the rabbit nasal bone using immunohistological methods. Study design:Twelve adult male Japanese white rabbits (n = 12, age: 12-16 weeks, weight: 2.5-3.0 kg) were divided into three experimental groups and one control group.A total of 48 bone defects, four per rabbit, were created in the nasal bone while preserving the nasal membrane. In the experimental groups, one group was implanted with 10 mg statin dissolved in 0.2 ml water with an atelocollagen sponge (ACS), the second group was implanted with 5 μg rhBMP-2 with an ACS, and in the third group only the ACS was implanted. No material was implanted in the control group.Animals were killed at 1-, 2-, and 4-weeks postoperatively. The parts that had been operated on were removed and prepared for histological assessment. The expression of BMP-2 was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and double-immunostaining for BMP-2 and Ki67 was observed by fluorescent microscopy.2

Cephalometric studies have revealed that there were significant sexual differences in the size of the pharyngeal airway space. The purpose of this study was investigate and compare the morphologic changes after mandibular setback or two jaws surgery on pharyngeal airway between females and males with computed tomography. The sample is consisted of 34 female and 13 male patients in 4 groups who had been diagnosed with Class III skeletal deformities

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and clinical symptoms after sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) with and without a Le Fort I osteotomy. Subjects and Methods.Of 45 Japanese patients with mandibular prognathism, 23 underwent SSRO and 22 underwent SSRO in combination with a Le Fort I osteotomy. The TMJ symptoms and joint morphology, including disc tissue, were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and axial cephalography.Results. There were significant differences between pre-and postoperative horizontal changes in the condylar long axis on the right side in the group undergoing SSRO (sagittal split ramus osteotomy) alone. However, there were no other significant differences in preand postoperative measurements in this group as compared with the group receiving SSRO plus Le Fort I osteotomy, and the preoperative disc position could not be changed in either group. Conclusion.These results suggest that SSRO, either with or without Le Fort I osteotomy, could not change the preoperative disc position or correct anterior disc displacement, although these procedures did improve the symptoms associated with TMJ dysfunction.

Results. There was no significant difference in reduction in mandibular length between SSRO alone and SSRO with Le Fort I on the axial view of a 3D CT. There were no significant differences between pre-and postoperative horizontal changes in the condylar long axis or in the antero-posterior and medio-lateral displacement of the condylar head, although the length of the proximal segment in SSRO with Le Fort I osteotomy was significantly shorter than in SSRO alone (P<0.05). Conclusion.These results suggest that the use of a bent plate for SSRO does not change preoperative angle or position significantly in setback surgery, regardless of the addition of Le Fort I osteotomy.