We aimed to confirm the effectiveness of brain-activating rehabilitation (BAR) performed in the day care setting at an acute hospital. Brain-activating rehabilitation is based on 5 principles: developing a pleasant atmosphere, promoting communication, praising patients, giving patients a social role, and providing supportive care. A total of 48 patients with dementia or cognitive impairment were selected and randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The BAR-based intervention was conducted for 1 hour, 3 times a week. The patients' score of the Multidimensional Observation Scale for Elderly Subjects (MOSES) were used as outcome measures. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance detected a significant interaction between the MOSES disorientation (F = 4.437, P = .041) and the withdrawal (F = 5.052, P = .030) subscales. A BAR-based intervention performed at our acute hospital was effective at maintaining and improving the cognitive and psychosocial functioning of patients with dementia or cognitive impairment.

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