is missing (Quiz)

Rationale: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) arising in the umbilicus is relatively rare, and in particular, there have been few reports mentioning peritumoral sweat gland structures histopathologically. We herein, report 2 cases of umbilical BCC with sweat gland structures within and around the tumor.Patient concerns: A 61-year-old woman had a 2-year history of black exudative plaque in her umbilicus, and an 80-year-old woman had a 6-month history of dark brownish plaque in the umbilicus, with exudation 2 months prior to her first visit.Diagnoses: Based on the histopathological finding, both cases were confirmed as BCC. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were Ber-EP4 positive. In addition, EMA-positive glandular structures were seen within and around the tumor.Interventions: Curative resection at the level of the linea alba on the bottom side was performed.Outcomes: No relapse has been observed since resection in either patient.Lessons: We herein report 2 cases of umbilical BCC with sweat glands and ducts. Although whether peri-and/or intra-tumor sweat gland structures are the source of the tumor or arise by transdifferentiation from tumor cells remains unclear, these findings may provide clues to help understand the morphopathogenesis of umbilical BCC in the future.Abbreviations: BCC = basal cell carcinoma, FEP = fibroepithelioma of Pinkus.

The instruments utilizing fluorescent dyes in cutaneous disorders include Wood's ramp for vitiligo and indocyanine green fluorescence for sentinel lymph node detection. 1,2 MolecuLight i:X® (MolecuLight Inc.) makes it possible to visualize the adhesion of bacteria over 10,000 CFU/g by recognizing porphyrin produced by staphylococci, etc., as red fluorescence and pyoverdine produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa as cyan fluorescence, with a peak excitation light of 405 nm 3 . Cyan fluorescence has a wavelength of 501-542.5 nm (±1.5 nm), while red fluorescence has a wavelength of 601-664 nm (±1.5 nm). 3 It is believed that using fluorescence image observation can estimate the adhesion of bacteria through non-invasive and real-time observation, while appropriately setting the range of debridement improved the healing rate of ulcers. 4,5 In this study, we investigated clinical utility and accuracy of MolecuLight i:X® to evaluate bacterial clustering on intractable ulcers in Asian patients. | C A S E REP ORTFrom a total of 20 cases, 55 photographs were taken from May to December 2021 in this study. Table 1 summarizes the enrolled patients and ulcer profile. Aggravation/improvement of ulcers and changes in fluorescence over time were collated. Furthermore, the usefulness of MolecuLight i:X® as a non-invasive imaging tool was analyzed by collating the results of wound cultures and fluorescence, then calculating the sensitivity and specificity of fluorescence against the wound cultures.

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