The study investigates the effect of biochar on nitrous oxide emission in Endoargic Anthrosols in the southern territory of the Russian Far East. Biochar (bio-charcoal) was applied in the amounts of 1 kg/m2 and 3 kg/m2 in combination with organic and mineral fertilizers to drained and drain-free fields during the vegetation season, and the five-gas analyzer G2508 (Picarro) was used. Cumulative flows of N2O were estimated. The analysis revealed that biochar reduces the emissions and the cumulative flow of nitrous oxide. The higher the dose of biochar, the lower the emission and cumulative flows of nitrous oxide, regardless of a drainage system. Biochar (1 kg/m2) reduced the cumulative N2O flow from the soil by 52.2% throughout the experiment conducted, while a dose of 3 kg/m2 allowed for 97.8% reduction. The study found that organic and mineral fertilizers can be effectively used in combination with biochar, as N2O emission from the soil with mineral fertilizers is significantly higher than from the soil with organic fertilizers. Biochar (1 kg/m2) combined with organic fertilizers reduces N2O emission by 53.7%, while a dose of 3 kg/m2 can reduce emissions by 88.9%. Biochar (1 kg/m2) combined with mineral fertilizers reduced the flow of N2O by 17.5%, while a 3 kg/m2 dose of biochar used with mineral fertilizers reduced the emission by 85.3%.

The influence of Bacillus subtilis strains and chitosan complexes on the soft wheat productivity and its infection with disease agents was determined in order to develop new preparative forms of polyfunctional biopreparations. The prospects of using polyfunctional preparations, combined the beneficial properties of microorganism strains as pathogen antagonists and chitosan as plant disease resistance activator has been shown the study. Their effectiveness has been convincingly demonstrated in protecting wheat from root rot, in increasing yields and improving grain quality Plants treated with complex preparation containing bacterial culture liquid (“Vitaplan, CL”) or its concentrate (“Vitaplan, CCL”) and Chitosan II had the best adaptive potential to agro-ecological environmental factors. At the same time, the «Vitaplan, CCL and Chitosan II» complex had the most pronounced protective properties. In the case of “Vitaplan, CL and Chitosan II» treatments, plants had the highest values of wheat potential (biological) yield. It was shown that the vegetative index NDVI, determined by the results of spectrometric analysis, can be used as an integral parameter of the biological effectiveness of polyfunctional biopreparations. The maximum value of NDVI was revealed in the case of “Vitaplan, CL and Chitosan II”