Acute intestinal infections (ACI) being a common form of pathology in children, 50-80% of cases are due to viral agents with a predominance of rotavirus. Patients Over a two-year period, 2556 children aged from 3 months and up to 18 years old were treated in the Department of acute intestinal infections. Two groups of children with viral intestinal infections without extraintestinal bacterial foci were selected. The main group consisted of 259 children who received diet therapy, oral rehydration (ORR) and, according to indications, infusion therapy (IT). 248 children included in the comparison group (CG) received ORP, nitrofurans, antibacterial drugs, enterosorbents, enzymes, probiotics, and, according to indications, IT. Results. In no case did the children of OG receive antibacterial drugs; Compliance with parents allowed IT to be minimized to 17.4% of cases (45 children). In CG, in 74.2% of cases (184 children), patients, in addition to nitrofurans, received III generation cephalosporins, in 81.9% of cases - IT, all children received probiotics, enzymes as symptomatic therapy. Following the recommendations of WHO and ESPGHAN allows avoiding polypharmacy and reduce the economic costs of treating in-patient children with viral gastroenteritis by 3.3 times.

The problem of nosocomial infections (IUI) is relevant in all countries of the world, both industrialized and developing. According to American and European authors, 91-94% of all cases of nosocomial diarrhea are caused by viruses, most often by rotavirus due to high contagiousness. The official statistics on nosocomial acute intestinal infections in the Russian Federation are understated and incomplete. Due to the immediacy of the problem of hospital-acquired enteric infection, there was conducted a retrospective review of 3098 charts of hospital patients (form 003/у) aged from 0 months to 17 years, who admitted the acute respiratory diseases unit during the period of three years. According to the results of an expert assessment of the case histories of children with acute respiratory pathology, the admission of nosocomial infection was noted in 26.9% of cases (834 patients), with more than half of the cases in children of the first 3 years of life 83.3% (695 patients). There is no significant difference in the clinical manifestations of nosocomial infection, depending on the main respiratory disease. The overlay of the hospital-acquired enteric infection increases the duration of hospitalization, polypharmacy, economic expenses. Moreover, it shapes parents’ negative attitude toward their children’s hospital treatment. It is expected, that the differential approach to hospital admission of only severe pediatric patients in boxes, if possible, and rotavirus enteritis immunization will promote the drop in the enteric superinfection frequency at the acute respiratory infections units.