Balan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

The aim: Investigate the effect of 0.9% NaCl, HES 130, HAES-LX-5% and mannitol 15% on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with AIS. Materials and methods: The study included 100 patients with AIS. As the investigated solutions were used: isosmolar 0.9% NaCl, hyperosmolar mannitol 15%, colloid-isoosmolar HES 130, colloid-hyperosmolar HAES-LX-5%. The control group received only 0.9% NaCl compared: 0.9% NaCl+HES 130, 0.9% NaCl+HAES-LX-5%, 0.9% NaCl+mannitol 15%. Evaluation of cerebral hemodynamic (indexes of cerebral blood flow) was performed using doppler ultrasound of cerebral arteries. Results: The dynamics of specific volume velocity of blood flow per 100 grams of brain substance indicates that in the group of 0.9% NaCl and 0.9% NaCl+mannitol is the tendency to decrease the blood flow of the brain during 7 days of treatment, respectively: 2.8% and 7.5%. In patients with HES 130 solution cerebral blood flow increases by 14.2%, whereas when applied HAES-LX-5% during 7 days, it increases by 43.2% (p=0.004). Conclusions: The analysis of the data of treatment the patients with AIS showed the best effect (p=0.004) of improvement of the cerebral circulation in the use of the polyfunctional infusion solution HAES-LX-5% unlike the 0.9% NaCl group and group of 0.9% NaCl+mannitol where was a decrease of the dynamics of cerebral blood flow, which could lead to hypoperfusion of the brain.

The effects of severe burn injuries on the cardiovascular system, specifically the atria and auricles of the heart, were investigated. The potential benefits of using lyophilized xenodermotransplants as a treatment option were also evaluated. The experiments were conducted on adult guinea pigs divided into three groups: intact animals, animals with burns, and animals with burns who underwent early necrectomy followed by wound closure with lyophilized xenodermotransplants. Third-degree burns caused significant ultrastructural changes in atrial cardiomyocytes, leading to long-term destructive changes in the structural components of the atria. However, the use of lyophilized xenodermotransplants had a positive effect on the atrial ultrastructure over time. This study highlights the complex and varied effects of burn injuries on the body and the potential benefits of lyophilized xenodermotransplants in treating severe burn injuries. By preventing destructive changes in the heart and activating regenerative processes, lyophilized xenodermotransplants can improve the condition of the heart after thermal injury. Further research and development in this area are necessary for understanding the potential of lyophilized xenodermotransplants in tissue repair and regeneration.

The aim is to develop a method of the acellular dermal matrix manufacturing from pig’s skin dermis while preserving the native structure. Materials and methods: Combination of physical and chemical effects on the dermis underlies in the process of an acellular dermal matrix manufacturing. Dermal collection of 1.0-1.3 mm thickness in pigs under 1 year of age from the back and partially from the lateral parts of the body was carried out. The 0.3-0.4 mm thickness layer of skin was previously removed from the relevant areas with help of a dermatome, which was physically and chemically treated. The maximum acellularization of the dermal matrix was achieved step-by-step and included four stages of skin processing: 1 – freeze-thaw process; 2 – glycerin dehydration; 3 – osmotic stress; 4 – cell residue removal by detergent. Results: Histological analysis of the of the pig’s skin dermis revealed that after freeze-thaw cycles the collagen scaffold of the dermal matrix maintains its structural organization that was obtained as a result of the first stage of decellularization. On the second stage of decullalarization, the decreased number of fibroblastic cells was indicated. By means of this, the connective tissue elements that are represented by collagen fibers’ multidirectional bundles retained their structural organization. Fibroblasts lysis as basophilic stained elements was revealed in small amount of dermis on the third stage of the decellularization. Washing of lyophilized skin with nonionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate the complete absence of fibroblasts, epidermocytes in the hair follicles, endothelial cells in the wall of blood vessels was detected indicating the effectiveness of this reagent in removing residual products. Conclusions: Suggested protocol for decullalarization of the pig’s skin dermis is effective in removing nuclear and cellular structures from dermis. Particular protocols can be modified by increasing the temperature difference or changing the number of freeze-thaw cycles.

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