Adding modified FOLFOX6 after chemoradiotherapy and before total mesorectal excision increases compliance with systemic chemotherapy and disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Neoadjuvant consolidation chemotherapy may have benefits beyond increasing pathological complete response rates. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A739.

Our results illustrate that the published reports reflects heterogeneity of CR availability and use in LMIC. Overall, CR is insufficiently available and underutilized. Further characterization of CR in LMIC, especially in Asia and Africa, is necessary to develop targeted strategies to improve availability and utilization. Patient, physician, and systems factors must be addressed to overcome barriers to participation in CR in LMIC.

The aim of this work is to develop theoretical foundations for the reindustrialization of the mining region in the context of trends in the spatial development of the Russian economy. The urgency of the problem is caused by the deepening of regional development unevenness, differentiation of regions by structural, resource and institutional parametric characteristics. As a result, the imperative of spatial development of the Russian economy is a consistent modernization of the regional organization of the economy on the basis of the reindustrialization policy. In the macroeconomic context, globalization is associated with overcoming stagnation consequences and entering the trajectory of sustainable innovative growth, stagnation and development mainly in the scenario; in the mesoeconomic context it is associated with accelerated capitalization of the competitive advantages of each region. The exhaustion of the predominantly export-raw material model of economic growth has put Kuzbass – the mining region of Western Siberia, which is heavily dependent on the state of the world market of fuel and energy resources in the most difficult situation. The task of the accelerated transition to the innovative-resource type of development through structural and technological transformation in the context of the General course of neoindustrialization for the region is actualized. This article presents a theoretical justification of the necessity, possibility and feasibility of neoindustrialization of the mining region in the context of globalization.

Background: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D has greatly increased in the American population, and is now estimated at 45%. There is increasing evidence that vitamin D is not only important for bone health but vitamin D deficiency is linked to chronic disease such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancers. The American obesity epidemic has increased the prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in the American population. Patients with OSA are not just at risk for increased fatigue and daytime drowsiness but when untreated, OSA can increase the risk for a broad range of cardiovascular morbidities, such as hypertension, coronary artery, disease, and heart failure. Since vitamin D deficiency and OSA have independently been associated with CVD it is crucial to assess their relationship to each other. Few studies to date have examined the relationship between low levels of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (Vit-D) and risk for OSA. We aim to show a relationship between hypovitaminosis D and OSA in a large population. Methodology: We evaluated 813 participants in the World Trade Center-CHEST Program from January 2011 to September 2013. After excluding those taking vitamin D supplementation, analysis was performed on 624. Blood samples were analyzed for various laboratory parameters including Vit-D and hs-CRP. Vit-D insufficiency was defined as Vit-D < 30 ng/ml. Using the Berlin Questionnaire, a validated questionnaire to evaluate OSA risk, subjects were classified as low risk or high risk. In addition, those with self-reported physician diagnosis of OSA were classified separately. Independent t-test, ANOVA, and chi-squared analyses were performed. Results: Insufficient Vit D was noted in 74.5% (468) of the participants. Subjects who screened positive for high risk of having OSA had lower mean Vit-D levels compared with those with low risk for OSA. Those with the lowest mean Vit-D level were most likely to have a verified diagnosis fsleep apnea (p=0.015). Conclusion: A significant association was found between hypovitaminosis D and OSA in this study population. Those with high risk for OSA and diagnosed OSA have significantly decreased Vit D levels. It is imperative to evaluate Vitamin D levels and OSA risk in order to achieve optimal management of CVD.

Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is likely that different mechanisms, including inflammatory processes, are responsible for acute and chronic toxic effects. First responders during the World Trade Center (WTC) tragedy have been exposed to PM. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is well-established in the WTC cohort. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a marker of inflammtion and is indicative of increased CVD risk. In this abstract we aim to investigate the relationship between PTSD and PM exposure and its impact on CVD. Methods: We evaluated 816 participants in the World Trade Center-CHEST Program from January 2011 to September 2013. PTSD was defined as self-reported diagnosis and/or a score of above 50 on the PTSD questionnaire. Using the Wisnevsky’s exposure score, participants were classified into four exposure groups, very high, high, intermediate and low. Chi-square analysis, independent t-test, and linear regressions were performed to determine if there was any significant relationship between PTSD, Exposure and CVD. Results: Participants with very high or high exposure score were more likely to have PTSD (p=0.001). Those with PTSD had higher hsCRP which were trending to significance (p=0.053). When adjusted further for CVD risk and exposure, hsCRP was significantly related to PTSD (p = 0.044). Conclusions: PTSD is significantly related to PM exposure in this cohort of WTC responders. PTSD is a condition that not only affects level of function on a psychological level but can also have an impact on CVD health. PTSD and PM exposure should be considered when assessing CVD risk.