The territorial space development pattern of the target construction should be able to help the full circulation and optimal allocation of social elements and resources, the society in the region is relatively fair, the development opportunities and welfare of people are equal, and the development of people, society, economy, and environment is coordinated and sustainable. This article aims to develop and control the three-dimensional optimization of the land space based on the spatial equilibrium model. This article first analyzes and introduces the spatial equilibrium model, then constructs an evaluation index model for the suitability of territorial spatial three-dimensional optimization development, and determines the index weights for the suitability of territorial spatial three-dimensional optimization development. Then, it analyzes the supply-demand relationship of the three-dimensional optimization development of the territorial space, discusses the imbalance of the supply and demand of the territorial service space, and finally summarizes the overall characteristics of the supply and demand of the three-dimensional optimization development of the territorial space based on the spatial equilibrium model. The research results show that under the conditions of rapid development, some development zones represented by the High-tech Zone in City B are seriously inadequate for industrial land use. In 2020, the proportion of industrial land in the high-tech zone of City B will exceed 17.69% of the 2015 plan. The demand for production space in the development zone is greater than the supply, which will inevitably bring certain pressure to industrial transformation.