This study demonstrated the efficacy of the developed multimedia interactive DVD in significantly improving end-stage renal patient knowledge and reducing patient uncertainties and postdecision regret. Study findings can be used as a reference guide for clinical nursing education efforts in hospital and other healthcare settings.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer for men and is viewed as the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. The body mass index (BMI) is taken as a vital criterion to elucidate the association between obesity and PCa. In this study, systematic methods are employed to investigate how obesity influences the noncutaneous malignancies of PCa. By comparing the core signaling pathways of lean and obese patients with PCa, we are able to investigate the relationships between obesity and pathogenic mechanisms and identify significant biomarkers as drug targets for drug discovery. Regarding drug design specifications, we take drug–target interaction, drug regulation ability, and drug toxicity into account. One deep neural network (DNN)-based drug–target interaction (DTI) model is trained in advance for predicting drug candidates based on the identified biomarkers. In terms of the application of the DNN-based DTI model and the consideration of drug design specifications, we suggest two potential multiple-molecule drugs to prevent PCa (covering lean and obese PCa) and obesity-specific PCa, respectively. The proposed multiple-molecule drugs (apigenin, digoxin, and orlistat) not only help to prevent PCa, suppressing malignant metastasis, but also result in lower production of fatty acids and cholesterol, especially for obesity-specific PCa.

Background: Endoreplication is a variant cell cycle which generates massive DNA replication with no features of mitosis. In addition to abnormal occurrence of endoreplication in cancer cells, it is often found in plants and many different animal organs, such as liver, placenta, and Drosophila larval tissues. In treatment with anti-mitotic drugs, it has been shown that cancer cells may undergo endoreplication to escape apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of endoreplication in normal and pathological circumstances remain obscure. Methods: The regulation and function of most physiological processes are highly conserved between the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and mammals. In addition, using Drosophila as a research model can largely reduce genetic redundancy issues and provide a suitable way to observe cell autonomy. To address the aforementioned questions, we use the Drosophila as an animal model to study the function of fundamental regulators in endoreplication. Results: In the present study, we demonstrated that high levels of bHLH transcription factor E protein are capable of inhibiting endoreplication in larval salivary glands. The negative regulation of E protein in endoreplication depends on the dysregulation of cell cycle regulators, including E2f1 and its target genes Cyclin E and PCNA. However, the endoreplication defects caused by E protein overexpression are independent of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. Conclusions: Our results reveal that endoreplication can be prevented by high levels of E protein through disrupting the oscillations of cell cycle regulators.