Representative images, signal curves of one voxel with T1 of 795 ms and T2 of 85 ms, and matched dictionary entries from fully sampled data and retrospectively undersampled data at rates (R), from the article by Jiang et al (pp 1621-1631).

Purpose-To introduce a 2D MR Fingerprinting technique for quantification of T 1 , T 2 , and M 0 in myocardium.Methods-An ECG-triggered MR Fingerprinting (MRF) method is introduced for mapping myocardial T 1 , T 2 , and M 0 during a single breathhold in as short as four heartbeats. The pulse sequence employs variable flip angles, repetition times, inversion recovery times, and T 2 preparation dephasing times. A dictionary of possible signal evolutions is simulated for each scan that incorporates the subject's unique variations in heart rate. Aspects of the sequence design were explored in simulations, and the accuracy and precision of cardiac MRF were assessed in a phantom study. In vivo imaging was performed at 3T in eleven volunteers to generate native parametric maps.Results-T 1 and T 2 measurements from the proposed cardiac MRF sequence correlated well with standard spin echo measurements in the phantom study (R 2 >0.99). A Bland-Altman analysis revealed good agreement for myocardial T 1 measurements between MRF and MOLLI (bias 1ms, 95% limits of agreement −72 to 72ms) and T 2 measurements between MRF and T 2 -prepared bSSFP (bias −2.6ms, 95% limits of agreement −8.5 to 3.3ms). Conclusions-MRFcan provide quantitative single slice T 1 , T 2 , and M 0 maps in the heart within a single breathhold.