Background: Poor nutritional status of children in Puskesmas Sewon I in 2007 amounted to 0.60%. Family Nutrition Awareness Status in Puskesmas Sewon I was at 47.06%. Average consumption of energy and protein adequacy of children under the minimum requirements is 19.8% to 9.9% for energy and protein. Nutritional status is influenced by several factors, either directly or indirectly and purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of nutrition intake and family nutrition awareness status with under five years child nutritional status in Puskesmas Sewon I Bantul Yogyakarta.

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Angka penemuan kasus Tuberculosis (TB) di Propinsi DIY pada tahun 2009 baru mencapai 52,90% (target 70%). Penemuan pasien TB di unit pelayanan kesehatan masih secara pasif, sehingga pola perilaku pencarian pengobatan pasien TB ataupun suspek TB sangatlah penting dipahami. Penelitian yang dilakukan sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa 43% suspek TB mencari pengobatan di pelayanan kesehatan alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pola pencarian pengobatan ke pelayanan kesehatan alternatif suspek TB di komunitas. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian menggunakan total sampel cluster sebesar 750 responden. Responden diambil secara acak dengan menggunakan prosedur survei cepat. Analisis data yang dipergunakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Hasil : Secara statistik, tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin, pendidikan, umur dan status ekonomi dengan pola pencarian pengobatan alternatif. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai P value yang semuanya menunjukkan angka lebih besar dibandingkan 0.05. Secara biologis, jenis kelamin laki-laki merupakan faktor protekif pengampilan keputusan suspek TB untuk tidak melakukan pengobatan. Jenis kelamin laki-laki mempunyai resiko 0,708 kali dibanding perempuan untuk berobat ke apotik/toko obat. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari nilai Ratio Prevalen (RP) = 0,708 (dengan CI 95% : 0,471 -1,066). Variabel pendidikan, umur dan status ekonomi mempunyai nilai nilai Ratio Prevalen (RP) >1 artinya bahwa umur lansia belum tentu merupakan faktor resiko pengambilan keputusan suspek TB untuk melakukan pengobatan alternatif. Kesimpulan : Tidak ada hubungan antara pendidikan, status ekonomi, jenis kelamin, dan umur dengan pola pencarian pengobatan ke pelayanan kesehatan alternatif.

Background This exploratory study aimed to investigate factors related to infant deaths using a conceptual framework that explains the risk factors of infant deaths in developing countries. Methods The study adopted a cross-sectional study design and used data from the 2012 and 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys, with a sample of 3694 singleton live births in 2012 and 3413 in 2017. Results Female infants had a lower chance of mortality compared to male infants [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.34–0.77]. Infants with a smaller birth size had a higher risk of infant death compared to those with an average size (aOR = 5.66; 95% CI = 3.66–8.77). The risk of infant death with a preceding birth interval of ≥24 months was lower than that with a preceding birth interval of <24 months (aOR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.26–0.90). An older maternal age was a risk factor for infant death compared to younger mothers (aOR = 3.61; 95% CI = 1.42–9.23). Infants who were born in Sumatra (aOR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.16–0.89) and Java and Bali (aOR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.14–0.78) were less likely to die than infants who were born in Papua and Maluku. Conclusions A higher infant death risk was associated with male babies and a shorter birth interval (<24 months). Mothers who perceived their babies to be small and mothers who were older (35–49 years old) were high-risk factors for infant mortality. Mothers who lived in Java and Bali as well as Sumatera were less likely to experience infant mortality compared to those who lived in Papua and Maluku.

Background: Nosocomial infection is an important health care problem worldwide. Nosocomial infections in the hospital at about 9% (variation 3-21%) or over 1.4 million patients admitted to hospitals around the world. Nosocomial infections pose some problems, namely an increase in morbidity and mortality, the addition of day care, the increasing cost of care and dissatisfaction with both patients and their families. Nosocomial infection control efforts are very complex and involves a variety of targets including hospital personnel, patients, medical equipment, treatment rooms, and the environment. The purpose of this study was to mengetahuai performance of nosocomial infection control nurse in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Bantul, Yogyakarta.