No abstract

Digital images can be tampered easily with simple image editing software tools. Therefore, image forensic investigation on the authenticity of digital images' content is increasingly important. Copy-move is one of the most common types of image forgeries. Thus, an overview of the traditional and the recent copy-move forgery localization methods using passive techniques is presented in this paper. These methods are classified into three types: block-based methods, keypoint-based methods, and deep learning-based methods. In addition, the strengths and weaknesses of these methods are compared and analyzed in robustness and computational cost. Finally, further research directions are discussed.

In recent years, deep learning-based watermarking algorithms have received extensive attention. However, the existing algorithms mainly use the autoencoder to insert watermark automatically and ignore using the prior knowledge to guide the watermark embedding. In this paper, an end-to-end framework based on embedding guidance is proposed for robust image watermarking. It contains four modules, i.e., prior knowledge extractor, encoder, attacking simulator, and decoder. To guide the watermark embedding, the prior knowledge extractor providing chrominance and edge information of cover images is used to modify cover images before inserting the watermark by the encoder. To enhance the robustness of watermark extraction, the attacking simulator applying various differentiable attacks on the encoded images is introduced before extracting the watermark by the decoder. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a good balance between invisibility and robustness and is superior to state-of-the-art algorithms.