Ketidakpatuhan penggunaan insulin pada pasien Diabetes Melitus (DM) dapat mengakibatkan kegagalan terapi. Pada pasien DM tipe 2, tingkat kegagalan berpotensi meningkat karena dipengaruhi oleh perilaku pasien yang awam dalam menggunakan insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepatuhan pasien DM tipe 2 dalam menggunakan insulin yang benar dengan pendekatan teori Health Belief Model (HBM). Metode yang digunakan adalah survei kepada pasien DM Rawat Jalan di suatu Rumah Sakit (RS) di Surabaya dengan responden dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis dengan uji regresi linier berganda untuk mengukur pengaruh lima komponen HBM yaitu (1) perceived susceptibility, (2) perceived severity, (3) perceived benefit, (4) perceived self-efficacy, dan (5) perceived barrier terhadap kepatuhan pasien dalam menggunakan insulin yang benar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lima komponen memiliki pengaruh yang simultan terhadap kepatuhan penggunaan insulin. Empat komponen awal (1-4) memiliki pengaruh positif (semakin tinggi semakin patuh) sedangkan komponen 5 memiliki pengaruh negatif (semakin rendah semakin patuh). Perlu adanya upaya terstruktur dan berkelanjutan dari pihak RS untuk meningkatkan komponen 1-4 dan menurunkan komponen 5.

BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) in Indonesia increased significantly from 6.9% (2013) to 8.5% (2018), putting Indonesia in top six countries in the world with maximum DMT2 patients. Patients with uncontrolled DMT2 are at risk for complications. As such, insulin is often administered to keep the levels under control. Unfortunately, poor adherence to insulin therapy is common, reflecting some factors that may affect the therapy. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the characteristics of patients contributing to adherence to insulin therapy among DMT2 outpatients using the Health Belief Model (HBM) approach.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of 84 DMT2 outpatients in a private hospital in Surabaya between April and May 2019. Respondents were selected using the accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and chi-square.ResultsThe level of respondents’ adherence was high (73.8%). There was no significant relationship between sex, age, level of education, occupation, and duration of use and patient adherence. Using the HBM approach, this study showed a significant relationship between the five components of HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier and perceived self-efficacy) and patient adherence.ConclusionsPatient adherence was influenced primarily by patient belief to the therapy of insulin. The characteristics of patients had no effect on adherence, yet further research is recommended to examine such adherence to a different population.