Fly ash was used as the main raw material, potassium feldspar and dolomite as fluxes to preparate wall insulation materials, the image sintering point tester was used to observe the changes in volume shrinkage, expansion passivation and globalization of the sample under high temperature conditions, and corresponding temperatures were recorded when the various situation occurred. The relationship between the adding ratio of the composite flux and the melting temperature was studied, and the basic formula for the preparation of fly ash foam ceramics was determined. The experimental results show that when the raw material composition is 60wt% fly ash, the total added amount of composite flux is 40wt%, potash feldspar: dolomite = 3:1, and the melting temperature range of the sample is 1150∼1365 °C, not only the initial melting temperature is lower, but the melting temperature range is also wider.

Improving the thermal performance of the building envelope and reducing the energy consumption of heat transfer are particularly important for building energy conservation. Wall insulation materials can be divided into sintered and non-sintered two types. Sintered wall insulation materials have unique advantages in the development of self-insulating wall because of their high strength, good insulation ability and wide range of raw materials. In this paper, the research status of shale, fly ash, coal gangue and phosphogypsum as raw materials to develop wall insulation materials are introduced, feasible research direction in view of the significantly reduced thermal performance and durability of sintered self-insulating wall materials in high humidity environment and high sintering temperature are put forward. The research on the formation and control mechanism of high closed porosity structure and the action mechanism of multiple fluxes can provide theoretical support for the design and optimization of self-insulation wall materials with light, high strength, low sintering temperature and meeting the requirements of building energy conservation.

Coal gangue is one of the largest industrial wastes in China, a large number of coal gangue accumulation not only occupies too much land area, but also causes surrounding land and air pollution. In this paper, the coal gangue samples were activated at first, and then the coal gangue powder was modified by adding coal gangue powder to road asphalt with the ratio of 0.5 and 1.2, and the penetration, softening point and ductility of the modified asphalt were tested. The results show that the viscosity, strength and softening temperature of modified asphalt can be improved by adding coal gangue powder into asphalt. With the increase of the amount of coal gangue powder in asphalt, the change of penetration and softening point of asphalt will be greater, and the strength of asphalt will also increase, but it will also make the toughness of asphalt worse. By adjusting the powder-binder ratio, the modified asphalt can adapt to different environments and use conditions, so that it can be widely used.