Medication nonadherence is one of the most significant obstacles to tuberculosis (TB) control worldwide. Identification of the factors associated with medication nonadherence is important. However, few related studies have been carried out in Tibet. This study aimed to explore factors influencing medication nonadherence to pulmonary TB (PTB) treatment in Tibet, China, from the patient perspective. Patients and Methods: In this qualitative study, seventeen PTB patients in Tibet were recruited by purposive and maximum variation sampling methods. In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted to collect data on factors influencing medication nonadherence, and Colaizzi's seven-step method was used to analyze the data. Results: The medication nonadherence of PTB patients in Tibet was influenced by one or a combination of the following four factors. First, patient-related factors included a lack of knowledge of PTB treatment, poor self-management capability, poor self-regulation capability and misperception of health condition. Second, a medication-related factor was medication side effects. Third, health service-related factors included the poor treatment skills of doctors in primary hospitals and a lack of directly observed treatment (DOT). Last, sociocultural factors included the effect of traditional Tibetan medicine, lack of family member support and discrimination. Conclusion: Multiple interplaying factors influenced medication nonadherence during PTB treatment in Tibet, and the main influencing factors were a lack of knowledge about PTB treatment, poor self-management capability, and the effect of traditional Tibetan medicine. TB health workers in Tibet should provide permanently viewable PTB treatment knowledge materials to PTB patients when oral health education is conducted, find feasible alternative strategies to DOT and establish links to traditional Tibetan medicine hospitals.

The rise in China of a middle peasant economy, which differs from the pattern of development of capitalistic agriculture emphasized by mainstream theory, holds out the prospect of the development of small-scale agriculture in China. In some villages where foodgrain crops are the main products, the middle peasant economy with an appropriate scale of farmland, resulting from spontaneous and reciprocal land transfers among peasants, and relying on the use of family labor, can achieve the spontaneous transformation and development of the small peasant economy, expand agricultural employment, increase the income of peasants, and also improve the organizational ability of peasants. If carried out on a wide scale, this will fundamentally change the reality of China’s agriculture as “involutionary” and lead to the development of agriculture and prosperity in rural society. The middle peasant economy demonstrates the potential for development within rural society with peasants as the main force, which will not only transform the countryside but also have a significant impact on the development of the national economy. 不同于主流理论所强调的资本主义农业发展模式，中农经济的兴起，展示出了我国小规模农业发展的另一种前景：在以生产传统主粮作物为主的普通村庄，通过农户间自发的、互惠性土地流转，并依托于家庭劳动力的自我开发，所形成的适度规模经营的中农经济，能够实现小农经济自发的转型升级，扩大农业就业，增加农民收入，提高农民的组织能力，并将从根本上改变了我国农业的过密化现实，实现农业的发展和乡村的繁荣。中农经济实现了以农民为主体的农业和农村发展，充分体现了农村内部实现发展的潜力，这对于国民经济的发展有着重要的影响。 (This article is in English.)

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Abstract:Since the reform and opening up, Chinese economic level has increased rapidly which is mainly attributable to the success of export trade and foreign investment. In the gradual expansion of the economy at the same time, the original pattern of economic growth has shown a certain drawbacks. Economic development of the destruction of the environment, the decline in low-end manufacturing competitiveness and excess capacity and other issues has become Chinese economic development in the face of the key issues. In order to ensure the sustainable development of our economy, we must adjust its position in the international division of labor, and the choice of foreign direct investment is the key to the process of adjustment. This paper will analyze the choice of Chinese foreign direct investment under the strategy of "one way".