Passive radar based on the global navigation satellite positioning system (GNSS) has become the focus of attention in the field of radar. A parameter estimation method is proposed in the forward scatter radar (FSR) network based on GNSS to extend the application scenarios. For uniformly accelerating moving targets, only the instant times when the target crosses the individual baselines are used to retrieve the target motion parameters. The target position, velocity, and acceleration information can be obtained. Firstly, the minimum network configuration is derived theoretically. Then, the effects of crossing time error, station location error, transmitting/receiving station deployment, and target height on the accuracy are analyzed through Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the simulation results indicate that the target position estimation error is in the order of 100 m. This paper provides the fundamental theory of aerial target positioning with a GNSS-based FSR network.

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