This article presents empirical evidence that people use anchoring to form their valuation of an object. Using data from the on-line auction Bidz.com, we found that people bid more for an item with a higher posted 'buy now' price than for an identical item with the lower posted 'buy now' price.

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This paper provides an explanation for the widespread use of stock option grants in executive compensation. It shows that the optimal incentive contract for loss-averse managers must contain a substantial portion of stock options even when it should consist exclusively of stock grants for "classical" risk-averse managers. The paper also provides an explanation for the drastic increase in the risk-adjusted level of CEO compensations over the past two decades and argues that more option-based compensation should be used in firms with higher cash flow volatility and in industries with a higher degree of heterogeneity among firms. Copyright 2006, The Eastern Finance Association.