Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are rapidly evolving fields in various sectors, including healthcare. This article reviews AI’s present applications in healthcare, including its benefits, limitations and future scope. Sources of data A review of the English literature was conducted with search terms ‘AI’ or ‘ML’ or ‘deep learning’ and ‘healthcare’ or ‘medicine’ using PubMED and Google Scholar from 2000–2021. Areas of agreement AI could transform physician workflow and patient care through its applications, from assisting physicians and replacing administrative tasks to augmenting medical knowledge. Areas of controversy From challenges training ML systems to unclear accountability, AI’s implementation is difficult and incremental at best. Physicians also lack understanding of what AI implementation could represent. Growing points AI can ultimately prove beneficial in healthcare, but requires meticulous governance similar to the governance of physician conduct. Areas timely for developing research Regulatory guidelines are needed on how to safely implement and assess AI technology, alongside further research into the specific capabilities and limitations of its medical use.

Visceral artery aneurysms are focal pathologic dilatations arising within the splanchnic arterial circulation, which comprises the celiac artery, the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries, and their branches. 1 Of these, splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) are the most common as they account for 60% of all visceral artery aneurysms, followed by hepatic artery, superior mesenteric artery, and celiac artery aneurysms. 1,2 The estimated prevalence of true SAA varies from 0.01% to 0.2% in the general population. Female gender is an important risk factor as SAA have a 4:1 predominance in women compared with men. [1][2][3]

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