Introduction: Age estimation has an important role in the process of human identification and needs to be performed in an efficient, fast, and accurate ways. Age estimation based on the pulp cavity volume of canines was referring to the theory stated that the apposition of secondary dentine during human life could be determined as an age indicator. This study was aimed to estimate the human age based on the pulp volume of canines for chronological estimation. Methods: Forty-one canine teeth from Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) 3D image sample from Dental Hospital of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran segmented into dental pulp and enamel were prepared for measurement of pulp volume using the ITK SNAP volumetric software. Descriptive analysis of pulp volume and regression equations were generated from regression analysis of pulp volume and tested for age estimation. Result: Dentine thickness was found to be increased from adolescence age range until adulthood age range. Logarithmic regression between pulp volume was statistically significant (p < 0,001). The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.753 with a standard deviation of 8.421. Mathematics model for estimating age was: Age = 79.523 – (18.194 x ln(Pulp Volume)). The pulp cavity and dentine thickness were decreasing along the age. The same equation was also used in the same sample. There were several differences between chronological age and estimated age approximately 8.4 years following the regression result of R2 (75.3%). The rest of the sample (24.7%) have a big difference, and this could be affected by modifying variables such as occlusal force and human error measurement procedures. Conclusion: The human age can be estimated by the pulp volume of canines.Keywords: Age estimation, pulp volume, canine, ITK-SNAP, CBCT.

Purpose Disc displacement can cause resorption of the head of the condyle and affect its volume. This study analysed the volume of normal condyles and those with disc displacement with reduction (DDR) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from the Indonesian population. Materials and Methods This study analysed 56 condyles (26 normal and 30 with DDR) from patients who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Unit after being referred from the Prosthodontics Unit at Dental Hospital Universitas Padjadjaran from December 2020 to February 2021. Samples were divided into 2 groups (normal and DDR left and right-side condyles) based on the DC/TMD Axis 1 form through the clinical examination results. Both sample groups were exposed to CBCT radiation. The CBCT imaging results in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format were exported to the open-source ITK-SNAP format to determine condyle volume. Volumetric data from the cortical and trabecular areas of the right or left side condyles were arranged by sex. The independent t-test was used to determine the significance of differences with IBM SPSS version 21.0. Intra- and inter-observer reliability and validity were tested before determining the volume of the condyles. Results Normal condyles and DDR condyles showed significant differences in volume ( P <0.05). Significant differences were also seen in cortical ( P =0.0007) and trabecular ( P =0.0045) volumes. There was a significant difference in condylar volume based on sex. Conclusion The normal condyle volume was significantly different from the DDR condyle volume in both sexes.

Objectives: Odontectomy is a common procedure in the extraction of third molars. Assessment of the difficulty level of extraction of third molars can be evaluated based on the classification of impaction. This article aims to discuss how the classification of impaction in third molars evaluates the difficulty of odontectomy treatment through radiographic examination. Literature Review: Literature search was carried out from various electronic databases with article inclusion criteria that discussed the validity of third molar impaction classification through radiography. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this review, it can be concluded that various stratified classifications are suggested as index that can be considered and recommended in the assessment of the difficulty level of third molar odontectomy.

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Objectives: This scientific paper discusses aspects of biological bone and radiograph examination in helping diagnose systemic diseases with a decrease in bone quality more accurately. Literature Review: Osteoporosis often occurs in postmenopausal women because of reduced estrogen. Sign analysis is related to four important factors to assess bone quality, namely bone density, bone turnover, bone size and bone architecture. Mineral Bone Examination Density is a gold standard examination by the World Health Organization for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and bone biomarkers can provide an overview of the renovation process being carried out. Conclusion: Panoramic radiographs are expected to be a potential checkpoint for early detection of systemic diseases that manifest in the maxillofacial region with bone conversations characterized by bone enlargement, changes in bone microstructure and trabeculae that indicate changes in bone quality.