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Aims/Introduction Recent studies have suggested C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14), secreted from adipose tissue, to play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. However, the clinical significance of CXCL14 in humans has not been elucidated. This study aimed to assess correlations between serum CXCL14 levels and clinical parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods In total, 176 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited. Serum CXCL14 concentrations were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. We examined the associations of serum CXCL14 levels with laboratory values, abdominal computed tomography image information, surrogate markers used for evaluating the pathological states of diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis. Results Serum CXCL14 levels correlated positively with body mass index, waist circumference, subcutaneous and visceral fat areas, and serum alanine transaminase, uric acid, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and C‐peptide (CPR) levels. In contrast, CXCL14 levels correlated inversely with age, pulse wave velocity and serum adiponectin levels. Multiple linear regression analysis showed serum levels of CPR (β = 0.227, P = 0.038) and the fatty liver index (β = 0.205, P = 0.049) to be the only parameters showing independent statistically significant associations with serum CXCL14 levels. Conclusions Serum CXCL14 levels were independently associated with serum CPR and fatty liver index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In these patients, a high serum CPR concentration might reflect insulin resistance rather than β‐cell function, because CXCL14 showed simple correlations with obesity‐related parameters. Collectively, these data suggested that serum CXCL14 levels in type 2 diabetes patients might be useful predictors of elevated serum CPR and hepatic steatosis.

Objective: Recent studies have shown that Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14 (CXCL14), a newly secreted by brown adipose tissue, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. However, clinical significance has not been elucidated in human. The aim of this study is to assess correlations between serum CXCL14 levels and clinical parameters among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: A total of 176 subjects with T2DM were recruited. Serum CXCL14 concentration was determined by ELISA. We examined the association of serum CXCL14 levels with the anthropometric parameters and laboratory values, abdominal CT image information, surrogate markers used for evaluating the pathological state of DM, obesity and atherosclerosis. Result: Serum CXCL14 levels correlated positively with body mass index and waist circumference, subcutaneous and visceral fat area, estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum levels of ALT, UA, TC, LDL-C, TG, FT3, C-peptide (CPR), neuregulin 4, fibroblast growth factor 21, urine levels of CPR, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine. In contrast, those were inversely correlated with age and pulse wave velocity, plasma levels of adiponectin. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed plasma levels of CPR (β=0.227, p=0.038) and fatty liver index (FLI; β=0.205, p=0.049) to be the only parameters showing independent statistically significant association with serum CXCL14 levels. Conclusion: Serum CXCL14 levels were independently associated with plasma CPR and FLI in patients with T2DM. In this case, high concentration of plasma CPR might reflect insulin resistance rather than β-cell function, because CXCL14 showed simple correlations with obesity-related parameters. Collectively, these data suggested serum CXCL14 levels in type 2 DM might be useful predictors of insulin resistance and abdominal fat accumulation. Disclosure Y. Matsushita: None. Y. Hasegawa: None. N. Takebe: None. Y. Ishigaki: None.

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